Immigration Assumptions — 2019 OASDI Trustees Report

Table V.A2.—Immigration Assumptions, ^a
Calendar Years 1940-2095
[in thousands]
Historical data:
Calendar year	LPR immigration				Other-than-LPR immigration ^b				Total net immigration
Calendar year	LPR in	Legal out	Adjustments of status ^c ^d	Net LPR	Other- than- LPR in	Other- than- LPR out	Adjustments of status ^c ^d	Net other- than- LPR	Total net immigration
1940	61	15	-	46	-	-	-	-	-
1941	40	10	-	30	-	-	-	-	-
1942	26	7	-	20	-	-	-	-	-
1943	26	7	-	20	-	-	-	-	-
1944	33	8	-	25	-	-	-	-	-
1945	73	18	-	55	-	-	-	-	-
1946	128	32	-	96	-	-	-	-	-
1947	159	40	-	119	-	-	-	-	-
1948	179	45	-	135	-	-	-	-	-
1949	219	55	-	164	-	-	-	-	-
1950	227	57	-	171	-	-	-	-	-
1951	236	59	-	177	-	-	-	-	-
1952	218	55	-	164	-	-	-	-	-
1953	189	47	-	142	-	-	-	-	-
1954	223	56	-	167	-	-	-	-	-
1955	280	70	-	210	-	-	-	-	-
1956	324	81	-	243	-	-	-	-	-
1957	290	73	-	218	-	-	-	-	-
1958	257	64	-	193	-	-	-	-	-
1959	263	66	-	197	-	-	-	-	-
1960	268	67	-	201	-	-	-	-	-
1961	278	69	-	208	-	-	-	-	-
1962	295	74	-	221	-	-	-	-	-
1963	252	75	47	224	-	-	47	-	-
1964	248	74	46	221	-	-	46	-	-
1965	261	77	49	232	-	-	49	-	-
1966	289	86	54	257	-	-	54	-	-
1967	307	102	101	306	-	-	101	-	-
1968	322	102	85	305	-	-	85	-	-
1969	319	91	47	274	-	-	47	-	-
1970	307	93	65	279	-	-	65	-	-
1971	296	94	81	283	-	-	81	-	-
1972	302	98	90	294	-	-	90	-	-
1973	334	99	63	297	-	-	63	-	-
1974	338	97	52	292	-	-	52	-	-
1975	340	98	53	294	-	-	53	-	-
1976	356	104	59	311	-	-	59	-	-
1977	421	123	70	369	-	-	70	-	-
1978	447	135	94	406	-	-	94	-	-
1979	353	107	74	320	-	-	74	-	-
1980	431	136	112	407	-	-	112	203	610
1981	467	145	113	435	-	-	113	215	650
1982	417	134	121	403	-	-	121	218	622
1983	432	137	116	411	-	-	116	236	647
1984	439	137	109	411	-	-	109	258	669
1985	458	144	119	432	-	-	119	261	693
1986	479	150	121	450	-	-	121	280	730
1987	474	153	136	458	-	-	136	283	741
1988	467	158	167	475	-	-	167	256	732
1989	499	155	123	466	-	-	123	293	759
1990	548	166	114	497	-	-	114	623	1,120
1991	594	181	129	542	-	-	129	621	1,163
1992	635	207	194	622	-	-	194	570	1,193
1993	649	216	217	649	-	-	217	563	1,212
1994	583	195	196	585	-	-	196	600	1,184
1995	511	192	255	575	-	-	255	560	1,135
1996	535	221	349	663	-	-	349	477	1,139
1997	468	190	293	570	-	-	293	549	1,120
1998	418	163	233	488	-	-	233	608	1,096
1999	451	173	243	520	1,288	416	243	629	1,149
2000	482	224	413	672	1,408	294	413	701	1,373
2001	517	265	542	794	1,359	115	542	701	1,496
2002	483	243	487	728	1,299	110	487	702	1,430
2003	414	192	354	575	1,169	112	354	703	1,279
2004	466	250	533	749	1,340	103	533	703	1,453
2005	561	290	597	869	1,827	84	597	1,146	2,015
2006	639	303	573	909	1,426	53	573	800	1,709
2007	584	267	482	800	927	371	482	73	873
2008	635	278	478	835	709	986	478	-755	80
2009	633	277	475	832	804	228	475	100	932
2010	622	262	426	786	681	206	426	50	835
2011	647	264	408	791	590	251	408	-69	722
2012	621	255	401	766	725	443	401	-118	648
2013	589	249	409	748	832	341	409	82	830
2014	627	256	398	769	1,327	156	398	772	1,541
2015	689	271	395	813	1,111	259	395	457	1,270
2016	763	292	407	877	1,192	695	407	90	968
2017	^e 724	^e 282	^e 403	^e 845	^f 1,250	^e 237	^e 403	^f 610	^f 1,456
2018	^f 620	^f 268	^f 450	^f 803	^f 1,300	^f 249	^f 450	^f 601	^f 1,404
Intermediate:
2019	575	256	450	769	1,350	260	450	640	1,409
2020	600	263	450	788	1,350	275	450	625	1,413
2021	600	263	450	788	1,350	291	450	609	1,397
2022	600	263	450	788	1,350	302	450	598	1,386
2023	600	263	450	788	1,350	311	450	589	1,376
2024	600	263	450	788	1,350	320	450	580	1,367
2025	600	263	450	788	1,350	329	450	571	1,359
2026	600	263	450	788	1,350	335	450	565	1,352
2027	600	263	450	788	1,350	341	450	559	1,346
2028	600	263	450	788	1,350	347	450	553	1,341
2029	600	263	450	788	1,350	353	450	547	1,335
2030	600	263	450	788	1,350	358	450	542	1,329
2031	600	263	450	788	1,350	363	450	537	1,324
2032	600	263	450	788	1,350	368	450	532	1,319
2033	600	263	450	788	1,350	373	450	527	1,314
2034	600	263	450	788	1,350	379	450	521	1,309
2035	600	263	450	788	1,350	384	450	516	1,304
2036	600	263	450	788	1,350	389	450	511	1,298
2037	600	263	450	788	1,350	394	450	506	1,293
2038	600	263	450	788	1,350	399	450	501	1,289
2039	600	263	450	788	1,350	403	450	497	1,284
2040	600	263	450	788	1,350	407	450	493	1,280
2041	600	263	450	788	1,350	411	450	489	1,276
2042	600	263	450	788	1,350	415	450	485	1,273
2043	600	263	450	788	1,350	418	450	482	1,269
2044	600	263	450	788	1,350	421	450	479	1,266
2045	600	263	450	788	1,350	424	450	476	1,263
2046	600	263	450	788	1,350	427	450	473	1,260
2047	600	263	450	788	1,350	430	450	470	1,258
2048	600	263	450	788	1,350	432	450	468	1,256
2049	600	263	450	788	1,350	434	450	466	1,253
2050	600	263	450	788	1,350	436	450	464	1,251
2051	600	263	450	788	1,350	438	450	462	1,250
2052	600	263	450	788	1,350	440	450	460	1,248
2053	600	263	450	788	1,350	442	450	458	1,246
2054	600	263	450	788	1,350	443	450	457	1,244
2055	600	263	450	788	1,350	445	450	455	1,243
2056	600	263	450	788	1,350	446	450	454	1,241
2057	600	263	450	788	1,350	448	450	452	1,240
2058	600	263	450	788	1,350	449	450	451	1,238
2059	600	263	450	788	1,350	450	450	450	1,237
2060	600	263	450	788	1,350	452	450	448	1,236
2061	600	263	450	788	1,350	453	450	447	1,235
2062	600	263	450	788	1,350	454	450	446	1,234
2063	600	263	450	788	1,350	455	450	445	1,233
2064	600	263	450	788	1,350	456	450	444	1,232
2065	600	263	450	788	1,350	457	450	443	1,231
2066	600	263	450	788	1,350	458	450	442	1,230
2067	600	263	450	788	1,350	459	450	441	1,229
2068	600	263	450	788	1,350	459	450	441	1,228
2069	600	263	450	788	1,350	460	450	440	1,227
2070	600	263	450	788	1,350	461	450	439	1,227
2071	600	263	450	788	1,350	462	450	438	1,226
2072	600	263	450	788	1,350	462	450	438	1,225
2073	600	263	450	788	1,350	463	450	437	1,225
2074	600	263	450	788	1,350	463	450	437	1,224
2075	600	263	450	788	1,350	464	450	436	1,223
2076	600	263	450	788	1,350	465	450	435	1,223
2077	600	263	450	788	1,350	465	450	435	1,222
2078	600	263	450	788	1,350	465	450	435	1,222
2079	600	263	450	788	1,350	466	450	434	1,222
2080	600	263	450	788	1,350	466	450	434	1,221
2081	600	263	450	788	1,350	467	450	433	1,221
2082	600	263	450	788	1,350	467	450	433	1,220
2083	600	263	450	788	1,350	467	450	433	1,220
2084	600	263	450	788	1,350	468	450	432	1,220
2085	600	263	450	788	1,350	468	450	432	1,220
2086	600	263	450	788	1,350	468	450	432	1,219
2087	600	263	450	788	1,350	468	450	432	1,219
2088	600	263	450	788	1,350	469	450	431	1,219
2089	600	263	450	788	1,350	469	450	431	1,219
2090	600	263	450	788	1,350	469	450	431	1,218
2091	600	263	450	788	1,350	469	450	431	1,218
2092	600	263	450	788	1,350	470	450	430	1,218
2093	600	263	450	788	1,350	470	450	430	1,218
2094	600	263	450	788	1,350	470	450	430	1,218
2095	600	263	450	788	1,350	470	450	430	1,218
Low-cost:
2019	665	243	550	972	1,500	262	550	688	1,660
2020	700	250	550	1,000	1,600	279	550	771	1,771
2021	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	298	550	802	1,802
2022	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	314	550	786	1,786
2023	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	327	550	773	1,773
2024	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	340	550	760	1,760
2025	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	353	550	747	1,747
2026	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	362	550	738	1,738
2027	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	371	550	729	1,729
2028	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	380	550	720	1,720
2029	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	388	550	712	1,712
2030	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	396	550	704	1,704
2031	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	404	550	696	1,696
2032	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	412	550	688	1,688
2033	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	419	550	681	1,681
2034	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	427	550	673	1,673
2035	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	435	550	665	1,665
2036	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	442	550	658	1,658
2037	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	450	550	650	1,650
2038	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	457	550	643	1,643
2039	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	463	550	637	1,637
2040	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	470	550	630	1,630
2041	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	476	550	624	1,624
2042	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	481	550	619	1,619
2043	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	487	550	613	1,613
2044	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	492	550	608	1,608
2045	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	496	550	604	1,604
2046	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	500	550	600	1,600
2047	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	505	550	595	1,595
2048	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	508	550	592	1,592
2049	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	512	550	588	1,588
2050	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	515	550	585	1,585
2051	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	518	550	582	1,582
2052	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	522	550	578	1,578
2053	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	525	550	575	1,575
2054	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	527	550	573	1,573
2055	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	530	550	570	1,570
2056	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	533	550	567	1,567
2057	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	535	550	565	1,565
2058	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	537	550	563	1,563
2059	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	539	550	561	1,561
2060	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	541	550	559	1,559
2061	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	543	550	557	1,557
2062	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	545	550	555	1,555
2063	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	547	550	553	1,553
2064	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	548	550	552	1,552
2065	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	550	550	550	1,550
2066	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	551	550	549	1,549
2067	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	553	550	547	1,547
2068	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	554	550	546	1,546
2069	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	555	550	545	1,545
2070	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	556	550	544	1,544
2071	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	557	550	543	1,543
2072	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	558	550	542	1,542
2073	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	559	550	541	1,541
2074	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	560	550	540	1,540
2075	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	561	550	539	1,539
2076	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	562	550	538	1,538
2077	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	562	550	538	1,538
2078	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	563	550	537	1,537
2079	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	564	550	536	1,536
2080	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	564	550	536	1,536
2081	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	565	550	535	1,535
2082	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	565	550	535	1,535
2083	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	566	550	534	1,534
2084	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	566	550	534	1,534
2085	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	566	550	534	1,534
2086	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	567	550	533	1,533
2087	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	567	550	533	1,533
2088	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	567	550	533	1,533
2089	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	568	550	532	1,532
2090	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	568	550	532	1,532
2091	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	568	550	532	1,532
2092	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	568	550	532	1,532
2093	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	568	550	532	1,532
2094	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	569	550	531	1,531
2095	700	250	550	1,000	1,650	569	550	531	1,531
High-cost:
2019	485	251	350	585	1,050	255	350	445	1,030
2020	500	255	350	595	1,050	265	350	435	1,030
2021	500	255	350	595	1,050	276	350	424	1,019
2022	500	255	350	595	1,050	283	350	417	1,012
2023	500	255	350	595	1,050	289	350	411	1,006
2024	500	255	350	595	1,050	294	350	406	1,001
2025	500	255	350	595	1,050	300	350	400	995
2026	500	255	350	595	1,050	304	350	396	991
2027	500	255	350	595	1,050	307	350	393	988
2028	500	255	350	595	1,050	310	350	390	985
2029	500	255	350	595	1,050	313	350	387	982
2030	500	255	350	595	1,050	316	350	384	979
2031	500	255	350	595	1,050	319	350	381	976
2032	500	255	350	595	1,050	321	350	379	974
2033	500	255	350	595	1,050	324	350	376	971
2034	500	255	350	595	1,050	327	350	373	968
2035	500	255	350	595	1,050	330	350	370	965
2036	500	255	350	595	1,050	332	350	368	963
2037	500	255	350	595	1,050	335	350	365	960
2038	500	255	350	595	1,050	338	350	362	957
2039	500	255	350	595	1,050	340	350	360	955
2040	500	255	350	595	1,050	342	350	358	953
2041	500	255	350	595	1,050	344	350	356	951
2042	500	255	350	595	1,050	346	350	354	949
2043	500	255	350	595	1,050	347	350	353	948
2044	500	255	350	595	1,050	349	350	351	946
2045	500	255	350	595	1,050	350	350	350	945
2046	500	255	350	595	1,050	351	350	349	944
2047	500	255	350	595	1,050	352	350	348	943
2048	500	255	350	595	1,050	353	350	347	942
2049	500	255	350	595	1,050	354	350	346	941
2050	500	255	350	595	1,050	355	350	345	940
2051	500	255	350	595	1,050	355	350	345	940
2052	500	255	350	595	1,050	356	350	344	939
2053	500	255	350	595	1,050	357	350	343	938
2054	500	255	350	595	1,050	357	350	343	938
2055	500	255	350	595	1,050	358	350	342	937
2056	500	255	350	595	1,050	358	350	342	937
2057	500	255	350	595	1,050	359	350	341	936
2058	500	255	350	595	1,050	359	350	341	936
2059	500	255	350	595	1,050	360	350	340	935
2060	500	255	350	595	1,050	360	350	340	935
2061	500	255	350	595	1,050	361	350	339	934
2062	500	255	350	595	1,050	361	350	339	934
2063	500	255	350	595	1,050	362	350	338	933
2064	500	255	350	595	1,050	362	350	338	933
2065	500	255	350	595	1,050	362	350	338	933
2066	500	255	350	595	1,050	363	350	337	932
2067	500	255	350	595	1,050	363	350	337	932
2068	500	255	350	595	1,050	363	350	337	932
2069	500	255	350	595	1,050	364	350	336	931
2070	500	255	350	595	1,050	364	350	336	931
2071	500	255	350	595	1,050	364	350	336	931
2072	500	255	350	595	1,050	364	350	336	931
2073	500	255	350	595	1,050	365	350	335	930
2074	500	255	350	595	1,050	365	350	335	930
2075	500	255	350	595	1,050	365	350	335	930
2076	500	255	350	595	1,050	366	350	334	929
2077	500	255	350	595	1,050	366	350	334	929
2078	500	255	350	595	1,050	366	350	334	929
2079	500	255	350	595	1,050	366	350	334	929
2080	500	255	350	595	1,050	367	350	333	928
2081	500	255	350	595	1,050	367	350	333	928
2082	500	255	350	595	1,050	367	350	333	928
2083	500	255	350	595	1,050	367	350	333	928
2084	500	255	350	595	1,050	367	350	333	928
2085	500	255	350	595	1,050	368	350	332	927
2086	500	255	350	595	1,050	368	350	332	927
2087	500	255	350	595	1,050	368	350	332	927
2088	500	255	350	595	1,050	368	350	332	927
2089	500	255	350	595	1,050	368	350	332	927
2090	500	255	350	595	1,050	368	350	332	927
2091	500	255	350	595	1,050	368	350	332	927
2092	500	255	350	595	1,050	369	350	331	926
2093	500	255	350	595	1,050	369	350	331	926
2094	500	255	350	595	1,050	369	350	331	926
2095	500	255	350	595	1,050	369	350	331	926

^a This table contains basic assumptions along with key summary values that are derived from basic assumptions.
^b Historical other-than-LPR immigration and emigration estimates depend on a residual method. The Office of the Chief Actuary developed these estimates, as well as the resulting other-than-LPR January 1 stock estimates, for years through 2000. For years 2001 and later, the residual method uses stock estimates. For 2001 through 2004, the stock is set to values that linearly grade from the 2000 stock estimate to the DHS 2005 stock estimate. For 2005 through 2012, stock estimates come from DHS. For 2013 through 2016, stock estimates are developed by the Office of the Chief Actuary, based on the same methods used by DHS.
^c Estimates do not include persons who attained LPR status under the special one-time provisions of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986.
^d Adjustments of status are a positive for net LPR immigration and a negative for net other-than-LPR immigration.
^e Estimated.
^f Estimated, intermediate alternative.

Note: Totals do not necessarily equal the sums of rounded components.