1401.Social Security Numbers

1401.1When is a Social Security Number assigned?

A Social Security Number (SSN) is assigned after we receive and process your completed application (Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Card).

1401.2What information do you submit with the application?

You must submit documents that prove your age, identity, and U.S. citizenship or immigration and work authorization status before we can process your application. If you are age 12 or older, you must apply in person for a social security card. Your identity document must show your legal name.

1401.3How long does it take to process the application?

Usually, it takes about two weeks, but may take longer depending on how long it takes to verify your documents. For example, if you were born in the United States and are requesting an original Social Security number, we must verify your birth record, which can add up to 12 weeks to the time it takes to issue a card. U.S.-born includes birth in the 50 States, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

1401.4What is the SSN used for?

The SSN is used for the following purposes:

1. SSA uses the SSN to record earnings covered by Social Security and/or Medicare. These earnings determine your eligibility and the amount of Social Security benefits when you retire, or become disabled; or survivor benefits if you die;

2. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) uses the numbers assigned to you and your dependents as your taxpayer identification numbers (TIN) for processing tax returns;

3. You need a SSN to file for Social Security or Supplemental Security Income benefits, and Medicare; and

4. If you have a SSN, State-run programs, such as State tax programs, driver's license, motor vehicle registration, and public assistance, may require that you provide your SSN.

1401.5How does the SSN provide accurate identification?

Although the SSN card is not considered an identity document (because it does not display identifying information about you), SSA uses your SSN to differentiate you from other SSN card holders. Many people have the same name, but each person has his or her own SSN. Your SSN allows your earnings to be credited to you.

1401.6Can a person use someone else's SSN?

No one else may lawfully use your SSN.

1401.7Can a person have more than one SSN?

Most persons have only one SSN. In certain limited situations, SSA can assign you a new number. If you receive a new SSN, you should use the new number. However, your old and new number will remain linked in our records to ensure that your earnings are credited properly. This could affect your benefits.