Employers of persons working on the Norwegian continental shelf are required to pay social security contributions to Norway on behalf of all their employees located there, including those who are not residents of Norway and therefore not covered under Norwegian laws.  As a result, U.S. employers who employ U.S. nationals on the Norwegian continental shelf would be required, absent an agreement, to pay social security taxes to both the United States and Norway for these employees.  Although Article 5.2 in conjunction with Article 5.3 would remove this dual tax liability in most cases, these provisions would not apply to U.S. nationals who are not residents of Norway but who are hired locally to work on the continental shelf by their U.S. employers.  This paragraph is therefore intended to eliminate the obligation of the involved U.S. employers to make contributions to Norway on behalf of such persons.  This provision was included as paragraph 6 of the Final Protocol to the original agreement.