Social Security's Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program limits the amount of earnings subject to taxation for a given year. The same annual limit also applies when those earnings are used in a benefit computation. This limit changes each year with changes in the national average wage index. We call this annual limit the contribution and benefit base. This amount is also commonly referred to as the taxable maximum. For earnings in 2025, this base is $176,100.

The OASDI tax rate for wages paid in 2025 is set by statute at 6.2 percent for employees and employers, each. Thus, an individual with wages equal to or larger than $176,100 would contribute $10,918.20 to the OASDI program in 2025, and his or her employer would contribute the same amount. The OASDI tax rate for self-employment income in 2025 is 12.4 percent.

For Medicare's Hospital Insurance (HI) program, the taxable maximum was the same as that for the OASDI program for 1966-1990. Separate HI taxable maximums of $125,000, $130,200, and $135,000 were applicable in 1991-93, respectively. After 1993, there has been no limitation on HI-taxable earnings. Tax rates under the HI program are 1.45 percent for employees and employers, each, and 2.90 percent for self-employed persons.