Additional Economic Factors

Single-Year Tables

Intermediate Assumptions

Low-Cost Assumptions

High-Cost Assumptions

Table V.B2.- Additional Economic Factors,
Calendar Years 1960-2085
Historical data:
	Average annual unemployment rate ^a	Annual percentage change in--			Average annual interest rate
Calendar year	Average annual unemployment rate ^a	Labor force ^b	Total employment ^c	Real GDP ^d	Nominal ^e	Real ^f
1960	5.5	1.9	1.7	2.5	2.9	0.9
1961	6.7	1.1	.0	2.3	3.8	1.9
1962	5.6	.2	1.8	6.1	3.9	2.8
1963	5.6	1.7	1.4	4.4	3.9	2.5
1964	5.2	1.8	2.2	5.8	4.1	2.6
1965	4.5	1.8	2.4	6.4	4.2	2.5
1966	3.8	1.8	3.0	6.5	4.9	1.4
1967	3.8	2.1	2.4	2.5	5.0	1.9
1968	3.6	1.8	2.1	4.8	5.5	.8
1969	3.5	2.5	2.4	3.1	6.6	.1
1970	5.0	2.6	.6	.2	7.3	1.0
1971	6.0	1.9	.4	3.4	6.0	2.9
1972	5.6	3.1	2.9	5.3	5.9	2.5
1973	4.9	2.8	3.3	5.8	6.6	-.2
1974	5.6	2.9	1.9	-.5	7.5	-3.8
1975	8.5	2.0	-1.1	-.2	7.4	-1.3
1976	7.7	2.5	3.3	5.3	7.1	1.7
1977	7.1	2.9	3.6	4.6	7.1	.8
1978	6.1	3.3	4.3	5.6	8.2	-.5
1979	5.9	2.7	2.8	3.2	9.1	-2.8
1980	7.2	1.9	.5	-.2	11.0	-3.6
1981	7.6	1.6	1.1	2.5	13.3	1.0
1982	9.7	1.4	-.8	-1.9	12.8	7.3
1983	9.6	1.2	1.3	4.5	11.0	9.9
1984	7.5	1.8	4.1	7.2	12.4	7.6
1985	7.2	1.7	2.0	4.1	10.8	9.0
1986	7.0	2.1	2.2	3.5	8.0	9.3
1987	6.2	1.7	2.6	3.4	8.4	4.4
1988	5.5	1.5	2.2	4.1	8.8	4.4
1989	5.3	1.8	2.0	3.5	8.7	4.0
1990	5.6	1.6	1.2	1.9	8.6	3.4
1991	6.9	.4	-.9	-.2	8.0	4.5
1992	7.5	1.4	.5	3.3	7.1	5.1
1993	6.9	.8	1.3	2.7	6.1	4.3
1994	6.1	1.4	2.2	4.0	7.1	3.6
1995	5.6	1.0	1.4	2.5	6.9	4.2
1996	5.4	1.2	1.4	3.7	6.6	4.0
1997	4.9	1.8	2.2	4.5	6.6	4.3
1998	4.5	1.0	1.4	4.2	5.6	5.3
1999	4.2	1.2	1.5	4.4	5.9	3.4
2000	4.0	2.3	2.5	3.7	6.2	2.4
2001	4.7	.8	.0	.8	5.2	3.5
2002	5.8	.8	-.3	1.6	4.9	3.9
2003	6.0	1.1	1.0	2.5	4.1	2.6
2004	5.5	.6	1.1	3.6	4.3	1.5
2005	5.1	1.3	1.7	2.9	4.3	.8
2006	4.6	1.4	1.8	2.8	4.8	1.1
2007	4.6	1.1	1.1	2.0	4.7	1.9
2008^g	5.7	.8	-.4	1.1	3.6	.4
Intermediate:
2009	8.2	.3	-2.3	-2.2	3.0	4.7
2010	8.8	.3	-.4	2.4	4.0	1.3
2011	7.9	1.0	2.0	4.3	5.0	1.6
2012	6.8	1.1	2.2	4.2	5.7	2.3
2013	6.2	1.0	1.7	3.6	6.0	2.6
2014	5.8	.9	1.2	3.0	6.0	3.0
2015	5.6	.7	.9	2.7	5.7	3.2
2016	5.5	.6	.6	2.2	5.6	2.9
2017	5.5	.6	.6	2.2	5.6	2.8
2018	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.8
2019	5.5	.5	.5	2.1	5.7	2.9
2020	5.5	.4	.5	2.1	5.7	2.9
2021	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2022	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2023	5.5	.5	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2024	5.5	.5	.5	2.1	5.7	2.9
2025	5.5	.5	.5	2.1	5.7	2.9
2026	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2027	5.5	.5	.5	2.1	5.7	2.9
2028	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2029	5.5	.5	.5	2.1	5.7	2.9
2030	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2031	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2032	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2033	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2034	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2035	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2036	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2037	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2038	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2039	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2040	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2041	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2042	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2043	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2044	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2045	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2046	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2047	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2048	5.5	.5	.5	2.2	5.7	2.9
2049	5.5	.5	.5	2.1	5.7	2.9
2050	5.5	.5	.5	2.1	5.7	2.9
2051	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2052	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2053	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2054	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2055	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2056	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2057	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2058	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2059	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2060	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2061	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2062	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2063	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2064	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2065	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2066	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2067	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2068	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2069	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2070	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2071	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2072	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2073	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2074	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2075	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2076	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2077	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2078	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2079	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2080	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2081	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2082	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2083	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
2084	5.5	.4	.4	2.0	5.7	2.9
2085	5.5	.4	.4	2.1	5.7	2.9
Low-cost:
2009	7.8	.5	-1.7	-1.2	3.3	4.9
2010	8.2	.5	.1	3.1	3.8	2.0
2011	7.1	1.2	2.4	5.1	4.6	2.4
2012	5.8	1.3	2.6	5.0	5.2	2.9
2013	5.0	1.2	2.0	4.2	5.5	3.1
2014	4.8	1.0	1.2	3.1	5.3	3.4
2015	4.7	.8	.9	3.0	5.1	3.5
2016	4.6	.7	.8	2.9	5.3	3.3
2017	4.5	.7	.7	2.8	5.4	3.5
2018	4.5	.6	.6	2.8	5.4	3.6
2019	4.5	.6	.6	2.7	5.4	3.6
2020	4.5	.6	.6	2.7	5.4	3.6
2021	4.5	.6	.6	2.6	5.4	3.6
2022	4.5	.5	.5	2.6	5.4	3.6
2023	4.5	.5	.5	2.6	5.4	3.6
2024	4.5	.5	.5	2.6	5.4	3.6
2025	4.5	.5	.5	2.6	5.4	3.6
2026	4.5	.5	.5	2.6	5.4	3.6
2027	4.5	.5	.5	2.6	5.4	3.6
2028	4.5	.5	.5	2.6	5.4	3.6
2029	4.5	.5	.5	2.6	5.4	3.6
2030	4.5	.6	.6	2.7	5.4	3.6
2031	4.5	.6	.6	2.7	5.4	3.6
2032	4.5	.6	.6	2.7	5.4	3.6
2033	4.5	.6	.6	2.7	5.4	3.6
2034	4.5	.6	.6	2.7	5.4	3.6
2035	4.5	.7	.6	2.8	5.4	3.6
2036	4.5	.7	.7	2.8	5.4	3.6
2037	4.5	.7	.7	2.8	5.4	3.6
2038	4.5	.7	.7	2.8	5.4	3.6
2039	4.5	.7	.7	2.8	5.4	3.6
2040	4.5	.7	.7	2.8	5.4	3.6
2041	4.5	.8	.7	2.9	5.4	3.6
2042	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2043	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2044	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2045	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2046	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2047	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2048	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2049	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2050	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2051	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2052	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2053	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2054	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2055	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2056	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2057	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2058	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2059	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2060	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2061	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2062	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2063	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2064	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2065	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2066	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2067	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2068	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2069	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2070	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2071	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2072	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2073	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2074	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2075	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2076	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2077	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2078	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2079	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2080	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2081	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2082	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2083	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2084	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
2085	4.5	.8	.8	2.9	5.4	3.6
High-cost:
2009	8.5	.1	-2.8	-3.0	3.3	4.1
2010	9.3	.1	-.8	1.8	4.1	1.1
2011	8.3	.8	1.9	4.1	5.1	1.6
2012	7.9	.8	1.2	1.1	5.5	.8
2013	8.5	.4	-.2	1.5	7.6	-.3
2014	7.9	.6	1.3	3.5	8.6	1.8
2015	7.3	.7	1.3	3.0	7.3	3.9
2016	6.9	.6	1.0	2.6	6.5	3.4
2017	6.6	.6	1.0	2.2	6.2	2.7
2018	6.5	.5	.6	1.6	5.9	2.4
2019	6.5	.4	.4	1.6	5.9	2.1
2020	6.5	.4	.4	1.6	5.9	2.1
2021	6.5	.4	.4	1.6	5.9	2.1
2022	6.5	.4	.4	1.6	5.9	2.1
2023	6.5	.4	.4	1.6	5.9	2.1
2024	6.5	.4	.4	1.6	5.9	2.1
2025	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2026	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2027	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2028	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2029	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2030	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2031	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2032	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2033	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2034	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2035	6.5	.4	.4	1.7	5.9	2.1
2036	6.5	.4	.4	1.6	5.9	2.1
2037	6.5	.3	.4	1.6	5.9	2.1
2038	6.5	.3	.3	1.6	5.9	2.1
2039	6.5	.3	.3	1.6	5.9	2.1
2040	6.5	.3	.3	1.6	5.9	2.1
2041	6.5	.3	.3	1.6	5.9	2.1
2042	6.5	.3	.3	1.6	5.9	2.1
2043	6.5	.3	.3	1.6	5.9	2.1
2044	6.5	.2	.3	1.5	5.9	2.1
2045	6.5	.2	.2	1.5	5.9	2.1
2046	6.5	.2	.2	1.5	5.9	2.1
2047	6.5	.2	.2	1.5	5.9	2.1
2048	6.5	.2	.2	1.4	5.9	2.1
2049	6.5	.1	.2	1.4	5.9	2.1
2050	6.5	.1	.1	1.4	5.9	2.1
2051	6.5	.1	.1	1.4	5.9	2.1
2052	6.5	.1	.1	1.4	5.9	2.1
2053	6.5	.1	.1	1.4	5.9	2.1
2054	6.5	.1	.1	1.4	5.9	2.1
2055	6.5	.1	.1	1.3	5.9	2.1
2056	6.5	.0	.0	1.3	5.9	2.1
2057	6.5	.0	.1	1.3	5.9	2.1
2058	6.5	.1	.1	1.3	5.9	2.1
2059	6.5	.0	.1	1.3	5.9	2.1
2060	6.5	.0	.0	1.3	5.9	2.1
2061	6.5	.0	.0	1.3	5.9	2.1
2062	6.5	.0	.0	1.3	5.9	2.1
2063	6.5	.0	.0	1.3	5.9	2.1
2064	6.5	.0	.0	1.3	5.9	2.1
2065	6.5	.0	.0	1.3	5.9	2.1
2066	6.5	.0	.0	1.3	5.9	2.1
2067	6.5	.0	.0	1.2	5.9	2.1
2068	6.5	.0	.0	1.2	5.9	2.1
2069	6.5	-.1	.0	1.2	5.9	2.1
2070	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2071	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2072	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2073	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2074	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2075	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2076	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2077	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2078	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2079	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2080	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2081	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.1	5.9	2.1
2082	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.1	5.9	2.1
2083	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.1	5.9	2.1
2084	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1
2085	6.5	-.1	-.1	1.2	5.9	2.1

^a The unemployment rates for 2019 and later are adjusted to the age-sex distribution of the civilian labor force in 2007. All other rates are unadjusted.
^b The U.S. civilian labor force concept is used here.
^c Total of civilian and military employment in the U.S. economy.
^d The real GDP (gross domestic product) is the value of total output of goods and services in 2000 dollars.
^e The average annual nominal interest rate is the average of the nominal interest rates, which, in practice, are compounded semiannually, for special public-debt obligations issuable to the trust funds in each of the 12 months of the year.
^f The average annual real interest rate reflects the realized or expected annual real yield for each year on securities issuable in the prior year.
^g Historical data are not available for the full year. Estimated values vary slightly by alternative and are shown for the intermediate alternative.


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