Kyrgyzstan

Old Age, Disability, and Survivors

Regulatory Framework

First law: 1922.

Current laws: 1997 (state pension) and 2008 (individual accounts).

Type of program: Social insurance, notional defined contribution (NDC), mandatory individual account, and social assistance system.

Coverage

Social insurance, NDC, and mandatory individual account: Employed persons, self-employed persons, and members of cooperatives and state and collective farms.

Special system for military personnel.

Special provisions for workers in aviation and the performing arts, and for citizens recognized by the government for meritorious service to the nation.

Social assistance: Needy persons.

Source of Funds

Insured person: 8% (social insurance and NDC) and 2% (mandatory individual account) of earnings.

The insured person's contributions also finance sickness, maternity, work injury, and unemployment benefits.

Self-employed person: 9.25% of average monthly earnings.

Employer: 15.25% of payroll (0.25% finances employees' health improvement activities).

The employer's contributions also finance sickness, maternity, and work injury benefits.

Government: The total cost of social assistance allowances and constant attendance supplements for persons with disabilities.

Qualifying Conditions

Old-age pension (social insurance, NDC, and mandatory individual account): Age 63 with at least 25 years of covered employment (men) or age 58 with at least 20 years of covered employment (women).

Covered employment includes periods of study, maternity leave, caring for persons with disabilities, registered unemployment, and other leave periods approved by special decree.

The qualifying conditions are reduced for periods of full-time underground work, full-time work in hazardous conditions, Chernobyl disaster-related work, for mothers with five or more children or at least one child with a disability, and for little people.

Partial pension: Paid with less than the required number of years of covered employment for a full old-age pension.

Old-age pension supplement: Paid to persons aged 80 or older, World War II veterans, Chernobyl disaster workers, persons with a Group I disability (requires constant attendance), caregivers of persons with a Group II disability (totally disabled with an 80% loss of mobility), and single persons with a Group II disability.

The old-age pension is payable in the Russian Federation under bilateral agreement.

Old-age social pension (social assistance): Paid at the normal retirement age to persons ineligible for an old-age pension. There is no income test.

Disability pension (social insurance and NDC): Must have one to five years of covered employment, depending on the insured's age when the disability began, and be assessed with a Group I (total disability and requires constant attendance), Group II (total disability with an 80% loss of mobility), or Group III (partial disability with some loss in working capacity) disability.

Covered employment includes periods of study, maternity leave, caring for persons with disabilities, registered unemployment, and other leave periods approved by special decree.

An expert commission of the Ministry of Labor, Migration and Youth assesses the degree of disability.

Constant-attendance supplement: Paid if the insured requires the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions.

Partial disability pension: Paid with less than the required number of years of covered employment for a total disability pension.

Disability pension supplement: Paid to a person with a Group I disability, single persons with a Group II disability, and Chernobyl disaster workers.

The disability pension is payable in Russia under bilateral agreement.

Disability social pension (social assistance): Paid to persons assessed with a disability who are ineligible for the disability pension.

Survivor pension (social insurance and NDC): Paid if the deceased had one to five years of covered employment, depending on age at the time of death.

Covered employment includes periods of study, maternity leave, caring for disabled persons, registered unemployment, and other leave periods approved by special decree.

Eligible survivors include a spouse; children younger than age 16 (age 21 if a student) if both parents are deceased; nonworking dependents, including sisters, brothers, and grandchildren younger than age 16; and parents of normal retirement age or disabled.

The survivor pension is not payable abroad if the pensioner emigrates permanently.

Survivor social pension (social assistance): Paid to survivors ineligible for a survivor pension. There is no income test.

Funeral grant: Paid when an individual dies.

Old-Age Benefits

Old-age pension (social insurance, NDC, and mandatory individual account): The monthly benefit is the sum of several components: a basic flat-rate benefit, a social insurance component, an NDC component, and a benefit from the mandatory individual account.

The flat-rate benefit is 1,500 soms or 12% of the average monthly wage in the last year, whichever is greater.

The social insurance component is calculated as the insured's average monthly earnings for 60 consecutive working months multiplied by 1% for every complete year of insured employment before 1996.

The maximum average monthly earnings used to calculate the social insurance component are 50 times the basic rate.

The NDC component is calculated as accumulated contributions (of at least one year) since 1996 divided by 12 months and multiplied by a coefficient based on life expectancy of the insured's cohort at retirement age.

The individual account benefit is based on the account balance at retirement.

Partial pension: A percentage of the full pension is paid according to the number of years of covered employment.

Old-age pension supplement: 50% to 475% of the basic rate is paid monthly.

The basic rate is 100 soms a month.

There is no maximum monthly old-age pension.

Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted periodically according to changes in the national average wage and the consumer price index.

Old-age social pension (social assistance): 1,000 soms a month is paid.

Permanent Disability Benefits

Disability pension (social insurance and NDC): If assessed with a Group I or Group II disability, the monthly pension is the sum of several components: a basic flat-rate benefit, a social insurance component, and an NDC component. If assessed with a Group III disability, 50% of the full disability pension is paid.

The flat-rate benefit is 1,500 soms or 12% of the average monthly wage in the last year, whichever is greater.

The social insurance component is calculated as average monthly earnings for 60 consecutive working months multiplied by 1% for every complete year of insured employment before 1996.

The maximum average monthly earnings used to calculate the social insurance component are 50 times the basic rate.

The NDC component is calculated as accumulated contributions (of at least one year) since 1996 divided by 12 months and multiplied by a coefficient based on life expectancy of the insured's cohort at retirement age.

Constant-attendance supplement: 200% of the basic rate is paid monthly for blind persons and 100% of a specified rate for other categories of disabilities.

Partial disability pension: A percentage of the full pension is paid according to the number of years of covered employment.

Disability pension supplement: 50% to 475% of the basic rate is paid monthly.

The basic rate is 100 soms a month.

There is no maximum monthly disability pension.

Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted periodically according to changes in the national average wage and the consumer price index.

Disability social pension (social assistance): 2,000 soms a month is paid for a Group I disability; 1,500 soms for Group II; 1,000 soms for Group III; if disabled before age 18, 3,000 soms is paid for Group I; 2,500 soms for Group II; 2,000 soms for Group III.

Survivor Benefits

Survivor pension (social insurance and NDC): 50% of the Group II disability pension is paid for one eligible survivor, 90% for two, 120% for three, and 150% for four or more.

Full orphan's pension (social insurance and NDC): The pension is the sum of all pensions that both parents received or were entitled to receive.

Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted periodically according to changes in the national average wage and the consumer price index.

Survivor social pension (social assistance): 150% of the guaranteed minimum standard of living (GM) is paid monthly for each orphan younger than age 16 (age 21 if a full-time student); 225% for a full orphan. There is no income test.

The GM is 900 soms a month (October 2016).

Funeral grant: A lump sum is paid depending on the status of the deceased at the time of death. If the deceased was receiving an old-age, disability or survivor pension, 10 times the basic component is paid (three times the basic component for a dependent of a pensioner). If the deceased was an employee, 100% of the national average wage in the previous year is paid; 50% if self-employed; 20% for a dependent of an employed or self-employed person. If the deceased was receiving social assistance, five times the basic rate is paid.

The basic component is 1,500 soms or 12% of the average monthly wage in the last year, whichever is greater.

The basic rate is 100 soms a month.

Administrative Organization

Ministry of Social Development of the Kyrgyz Republic (http://www.mlsp.gov.kg/) provides general coordination and oversight.

Provincial and county offices of the Ministry of Social Development of the Kyrgyz Republic administer the programs.

Social Fund (http://www.sf.kg/) pays benefits.

Sickness and Maternity

Regulatory Framework

First law: 1922.

Current laws: 1955, 1996 (social insurance), and 1997 (medical insurance).

Type of program: Social insurance (cash benefits) and universal (medical benefits) system.

Coverage

Cash sickness and maternity benefits: Employed persons, students, and members of cooperatives and state and collective farms.

Exclusions: Self-employed persons.

Medical benefits: Residents of Kyrgyzstan.

Source of Funds

Insured person

Cash benefits: See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.

Medical benefits: None.

Self-employed person

Cash benefits: Not applicable.

Medical benefits: None.

Employer

Cash benefits: See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.

Medical benefits: 2% of payroll.

Government

Cash benefits: None.

Medical benefits: The remainder of the cost.

Qualifying Conditions

Cash sickness and maternity benefits and medical benefits: There is no minimum qualifying period.

Sickness and Maternity Benefits

Sickness benefit: The monthly benefit is 60% of the insured's average monthly wage is paid for the first 10 working days with less than five years of work; 80% with five to eight years; 100% with eight or more years (100% with three or more dependent children, if a disabled veteran, or if disabled as a result of the Chernobyl disaster). After 10 days, the monthly benefit is 50 times the basic rate.

The basic rate is 100 soms a month.

Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted periodically according to changes in the national average wage and the consumer price index.

Maternity benefit: 100% of the insured's average monthly wage is paid for the first 10 working days; 10 times the basic rate from the 11th day up to 126 calendar days before and after the expected date of childbirth (may be extended to 140 days if there are complications during childbirth).

The basic rate is 100 soms a month.

Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted periodically according to changes in the national average wage and the consumer price index.

Workers' Medical Benefits

Medical services are provided directly to patients through government or enterprise-administered health providers. Benefits include general and specialist care, hospitalization, laboratory services, dental care, maternity care, and transportation.

Providers may charge fees for services.

Dependents' Medical Benefits

Medical benefits for dependents are the same as those for the insured.

Administrative Organization

Ministry of Health (http://www.med.kg/) and local government health departments provide general supervision and coordination, and oversee medical services delivered through clinics, hospitals, maternity homes, and other facilities.

Mandatory Health Insurance Fund provides health care benefits.

Work Injury

Regulatory Framework

First law: 1922.

Current laws: 1955 (short-term benefits), 1990 (pensions), and 2005 (labor safety).

Type of program: Social insurance (cash benefits) and universal (medical benefits) system.

Coverage

Cash benefits: Employed persons, students, and members of cooperatives and state and collective farms.

Exclusions: Self-employed persons.

Medical benefits: Residents of Kyrgyzstan.

Source of Funds

Insured person: See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.

Self-employed person: Not applicable.

Employer: See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors (disability and survivor benefits), and Sickness and Maternity (medical benefits).

Government: See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors (disability and survivor benefits), and Sickness and Maternity (medical benefits).

Qualifying Conditions

There is no minimum qualifying period.

Temporary Disability Benefits

100% of the insured's earnings is paid from the first day of incapacity until recovery or the award of a permanent disability pension.

Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted periodically according to changes in the national average wage and the consumer price index.

Permanent Disability Benefits

Permanent disability pension: Must be assessed with a Group I (total disability and requires constant attendance), Group II (total disability with an 80% loss of mobility), or Group III (partial disability with some loss in working capacity) disability.

If assessed with a Group I or Group II disability, the monthly pension is the sum of a basic component, an insurance component based on years of covered employment and earnings for the period before 1996, and an insurance component based on the value of accumulated contributions since 1996. If assessed with a Group III disability, 50% of the full disability pension is paid.

The basic component is 1,500 soms or 12% of the average monthly wage in the last year, whichever is greater.

The insurance component for the period before 1996 is calculated as average monthly earnings for 60 consecutive working months multiplied by 1% for every complete year of insured employment.

The insurance component for the period since 1996 is calculated as accumulated contributions (of at least one year) divided by 12 months and multiplied by a coefficient.

Constant-attendance supplement: 100% of the basic rate is paid monthly if blind and requiring the constant attendance of others to perform daily functions; 50% of the basic rate for other categories of disability.

Disability pension supplement: 50% to 475% of the basic rate is paid monthly.

The basic rate is 100 soms a month.

The minimum disability pension is 100% of the minimum wage.

The legal monthly minimum wage is 1,060 soms.

Pensions for a work injury or an occupational disease are payable abroad.

Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted periodically according to changes in the national average wage and the consumer price index.

Workers' Medical Benefits

All necessary medical care is provided.

Survivor Benefits

Survivor pension: 50% of the Group II disability pension is paid for one eligible survivor; 90% for two; 120% for three; and 150% for four or more.

Full orphan's pension: Paid at the same rates as the survivor pension, based on the Group II disability pensions for both parents.

The minimum orphan's pension is 100% of the minimum wage.

The legal monthly minimum wage is 1,060 soms.

Benefit adjustment: Benefits are adjusted periodically according to changes in the national average wage and the consumer price index.

Administrative Organization

Temporary disability benefits: Social Fund provides (http://www.sf.kg/) general supervision.

Enterprises and employers pay cash benefits directly to their employees.

Permanent disability and survivor pensions: Ministry of Social Development of the Kyrgyz Republic (http://www.mlsp.gov.kg/) provides general coordination and oversight.

Provincial and county offices of the Ministry of Social Development of the Kyrgyz Republic (http://www.mlsp.gov.kg/) administer the program.

Medical benefits: Ministry of Health (http://www.med.kg/) and local government health departments provide general supervision and coordination, and oversee medical services delivered through clinics, hospitals, maternity homes, and other facilities.

Unemployment

Regulatory Framework

First law: 1921.

Current law: 1998 (supporting employment).

Type of program: Social insurance system.

Coverage

Employed persons.

Exclusions: Self-employed persons.

Source of Funds

Insured person: See source of funds under Old Age, Disability, and Survivors.

Self-employed person: Not applicable.

Employer: None.

Government: Central and local governments provide subsidies as needed.

Qualifying Conditions

Must be registered at an employment office and able and willing to work. The benefit may be reduced, suspended, or terminated if the worker is discharged for violating work discipline, leaving employment without good cause, violating conditions for a job placement or vocational training, or filing fraudulent claims.

Also paid to students who register as unemployed in the 12 months after graduation.

Unemployment Benefits

250 to 500 soms is paid monthly for up to six calendar months.

Dependent supplement: 10% of the unemployment benefit is paid for each dependent.

Administrative Organization

Ministry of Social Development of the Kyrgyz Republic (http://www.mlsp.gov.kg/) provides general coordination and oversight.

Employment Service and local employment centers administer the program.

Family Allowances

Regulatory Framework

First law: 1944.

Current law: 1998 (state allowances).

Type of program: Social assistance system.

Coverage

Children of single-parent families or of unwed mothers; students younger than age 18 with disabled or unemployed parents.

Source of Funds

Insured person: None.

Self-employed person: None.

Employer: None.

Government: The total cost.

Qualifying Conditions

Family allowances (income tested): Household per capita income, based on average monthly income during the three months before making the claim, must be lower than 100% of the guaranteed minimum standard of living (GM).

The GM is 900 soms a month (October 2016).

Social assistance allowance: Paid for each child younger than age 16 (age 18 if a full-time student).

Birth grant: Paid for each newborn child.

Family Allowance Benefits

Family allowances (income tested): 100% of the guaranteed minimum standard of living (GM) is paid monthly for a mother on leave caring for a child younger than age 18 months or caring for two children younger than age 3; 150% of the GM if caring for three children younger than age 16.

The GM is 900 soms a month (October 2016).

Social assistance allowance: 810 soms is paid annually (October 2016).

Birth grant: A lump sum of 300% of the GM is paid for each newborn child.

The GM is 900 soms a month (October 2016).

Administrative Organization

Ministry of Social Development of the Kyrgyz Republic (http://www.mlsp.gov.kg/) and local offices administer the programs.