SSI Annual Statistical Report, 2004

Noninstitutionalized Recipients: SIPP

Notes

The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) is a household survey of the noninstitutionalized resident population of the United States conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. The survey was designed to improve the measurement of the economic situation of persons, families, and households in the United States and to provide a tool for managing and evaluating government transfer and service programs.

The 2001 SIPP panel consists of 9 interviews, or waves, each of which gathered 4 months of retrospective data. The initial sample includes approximately 36,700 households, divided into 4 rotation groups. The SIPP has been matched to Social Security Administration's (SSA) administrative records for respondents who provided their Social Security number. The administrative records provide data on the receipt and amount of Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Social Security benefits for all months covered by the SIPP panel. For SIPP respondents who did not provide their Social Security number, benefit receipt and amounts are taken from the SIPP. All other characteristics and income amounts are taken from the SIPP.

The tables in this section use data from wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP. SSI recipients are identified as of reference month 4 of the wave 2 interviews, which corresponds to May, June, July, or August 2001 depending on the rotation group. Sample cases are weighted using SIPP person weights. In this year's tables, the weights are adjusted by age group so that the weighted total number of SSI recipients matches the estimated number of noninstitutionalized SSI recipients in SSA administrative records. Recipient characteristics, such as age, sex, race, education, marital status, living arrangements, and health insurance, reflect reference month 4. Income and poverty data are based on all 4 months included in the wave 2 interviews, and thus cover a 4-month period between February 2001 and August 2001 depending on the rotation group. The poverty thresholds are provided in the SIPP for the 4 months covered in wave 2 and are adjusted for family size and composition.

The use of a single wave, or 4 months, of data for income and poverty estimates is a significant change from previous years, in which annual income and poverty data were reported. The single wave approach, and particularly the use of wave 2, was followed for several reasons: Social Security numbers for matching to SSA administrative records were collected in wave 2; the sample in the 2001 SIPP panel was cut between waves 1 and 2; and sample attrition is less of a concern early in a panel.

In tabulations of Medicaid coverage for SSI recipients, the SIPP Medicaid variable has been recoded to reflect the fact that SSI recipients in certain states, sometimes referred to as Section 1634 states, are automatically covered by Medicaid. Thirty-two states and the District of Columbia provide automatic Medicaid coverage for SSI recipients, accounting for approximately 78 percent of all SSI recipients.

SIPP and SSA counts of disabled and aged beneficiaries differ because the SIPP excludes people living in institutions or outside the continental United States. In addition, the match rate between the SIPP and SSA records is not perfect; thus, self-reported benefit information must be used for individuals who could not be matched to SSA records. Furthermore, the SIPP estimates are based on a sample and therefore are subject to sampling error. Standard errors can be used to measure this sampling variability and to determine the statistical significance of the estimates. Various sources of nonsampling error also may be important.

Because the SIPP uses a complex sample design, it is inappropriate to calculate standard errors assuming a simple random sample. Doing so will result in estimated standard errors that are biased downward. Readers interested in information about SIPP variance estimates are referred to the Survey of Income and Program Participation Users' Guide, available on the SIPP Internet site at http://www.sipp.census.gov/sipp/usrguide/sipp2001.pdf. The Users' Guide provides information on direct calculation of standard errors for SIPP estimates. It also provides detailed instructions for calculating standard errors using generalized variance parameters.

Because of concerns about sampling variability and statistical reliability, distributions for which the base is fewer than 150,000 weighted cases are not shown. In addition, individual cells that contain less than 1.0 percent of a distribution are rounded to zero. Therefore, some distributions will not sum to the total.

Table 34. Household and family characteristics, by age, 2001
Characteristic Number Percentage of all recipients
Total Under 18 18–64 65 or older Total Under 18 18–64 65 or older
All recipients 6,312,331 846,010 3,566,871 1,899,450 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Household type
Family
Married couple present 2,050,836 324,892 1,130,394 595,550 32.5 38.4 31.7 31.4
No married couple, male householder 336,529 73,461 169,056 94,012 5.3 8.7 4.7 5.0
No married couple, female householder 1,788,543 442,526 1,015,678 330,339 28.3 52.3 28.5 17.4
Nonfamily
Male householder 733,761 0 541,849 186,781 11.6 0 15.2 9.8
Female householder 1,343,660 0 679,711 663,950 21.3 0 19.1 35.0
Group quarters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ownership status of living quarters
Owned 2,560,789 320,969 1,448,204 791,616 40.6 37.9 40.6 41.7
Not owned 3,751,542 525,041 2,118,667 1,107,834 59.4 62.1 59.4 58.3
Residence in public housing 886,810 85,098 466,911 334,801 14.1 10.1 13.1 17.6
Household receipt of a—
Energy assistance 689,114 114,386 395,148 179,580 10.9 13.5 11.1 9.5
Housing assistance 618,388 98,819 366,094 153,475 9.8 11.7 10.3 8.1
Food stamps 2,517,307 276,567 1,515,509 725,231 39.9 32.7 42.5 38.2
Household size
1 person 1,747,279 0 912,499 834,780 27.7 0 25.6 44.0
2 persons 1,577,400 69,789 983,215 524,397 25.0 8.3 27.6 27.6
3–4 persons 1,907,309 443,327 1,119,103 344,880 30.2 52.4 31.4 18.2
5 or more persons 1,080,343 332,895 552,055 195,393 17.1 39.4 15.5 10.3
Family size
1 person 2,217,882 24,731 1,307,373 885,779 35.1 2.9 36.7 46.6
2 persons 1,386,177 80,707 795,559 509,910 22.0 9.5 22.3 26.9
3–4 persons 1,733,093 439,204 981,220 312,670 27.5 51.9 27.5 16.5
5 or more persons 975,179 301,369 482,720 191,091 15.5 35.6 13.5 10.1
Under age 18 in family
None 4,160,923 0 2,556,855 1,604,068 65.9 0 71.7 84.5
1 person 868,077 206,313 503,154 158,610 13.8 24.4 14.1 8.4
2–3 persons 616,413 306,848 247,177 62,389 9.8 36.3 6.9 3.3
4 persons 597,337 299,848 226,714 70,774 9.5 35.4 6.4 3.7
5 or more persons 69,582 33,002 0 0 1.1 3.9 0 0
Total household income in wave 2 b (dollars)
Less than 2,500 1,438,812 42,062 789,988 606,762 22.8 5.0 22.2 31.9
2,500–4,999 1,537,968 176,836 799,026 562,107 24.4 20.9 22.4 29.6
5,000–7,499 924,569 130,921 568,301 225,348 14.7 15.5 15.9 11.9
7,500–9,999 609,524 165,653 354,630 89,241 9.7 19.6 9.9 4.7
10,000–14,999 781,942 178,878 485,317 117,746 12.4 21.1 13.6 6.2
15,000–19,999 419,743 66,822 227,310 125,611 6.7 7.9 6.4 6.6
20,000 or more 599,773 84,839 342,300 172,635 9.5 10.0 9.6 9.1
Total family income in wave 2 b (dollars)
Less than 2,500 1,705,177 74,383 1,006,698 624,096 27.0 8.8 28.2 32.9
2,500–4,999 1,648,954 203,925 868,823 576,207 26.1 24.1 24.4 30.3
5,000–7,499 893,280 125,414 545,581 222,284 14.2 14.8 15.3 11.7
7,500–9,999 502,946 137,580 284,200 81,166 8.0 16.3 8.0 4.3
10,000–14,999 674,492 169,630 391,633 113,229 10.7 20.1 11.0 6.0
15,000–19,999 392,367 71,723 195,166 125,478 6.2 8.5 5.5 6.6
20,000 or more 495,115 63,356 274,770 156,990 7.8 7.5 7.7 8.3
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, SSA administrative records, matched to U.S. Census Bureau, 2001 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), wave 2, reference month 4.
NOTES: Individuals receiving SSI benefits in reference month 4 of wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP are identified using SSA administrative data for those who provided a valid Social Security number and using self-reported SIPP data for those who did not provide a valid number. The unweighted sample size is 1,729 cases for all SSI recipients: 209 cases aged 17 or younger, 1,061 cases aged 18 to 64, and 459 cases aged 65 or older.
Cells that contain less than 1.0 percent of all beneficiaries are rounded to zero because of concerns about sampling variability. Therefore, some distributions will not add to the total.
A family is a group of two or more persons related by birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together. A household includes related family members and all the unrelated persons, if any, such as lodgers, foster children, wards, or employees who share the housing unit. A person living alone in a housing unit or a group of unrelated persons sharing a housing unit as partners is also counted as a household.
a. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.
b. Data are based on the sum of the 4 months included in wave 2. This represents a change from tables for previous years, in which annual income data were reported.
CONTACT: Paul Davies (410) 966-0299 or ssi.asr@ssa.gov.
Table 35. Personal characteristics, by age, 2001
Characteristic Number Percentage of all recipients
Total Under 18 18–64 65 or older Total Under 18 18–64 65 or older
All recipients 6,312,331 846,010 3,566,871 1,899,450 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Sex
Male 2,602,535 570,699 1,521,334 510,501 41.2 67.5 42.7 26.9
Female 3,709,797 275,311 2,045,537 1,388,949 58.8 32.5 57.4 73.1
Race
White 3,777,325 462,956 2,256,509 1,057,860 59.8 54.7 63.3 55.7
Black 1,985,433 362,501 1,094,838 528,093 31.5 42.9 30.7 27.8
American Indian, Alaska Native 136,997 0 101,933 28,482 2.2 0 2.9 1.5
Asian, Pacific Islander 412,576 13,970 113,591 285,015 6.5 1.7 3.2 15.0
Ethnicity
Hispanic 1,130,540 163,063 505,272 462,205 17.9 19.3 14.2 24.3
Non-Hispanic 5,181,791 682,948 3,061,599 1,437,245 82.1 80.7 85.8 75.7
Marital status
Married 1,229,275 0 725,869 500,362 19.5 0 20.4 26.3
Widowed 1,101,608 0 267,004 834,604 17.5 0 7.5 43.9
Divorced or separated 1,466,350 0 1,067,215 399,135 23.2 0 29.9 21.0
Never married 2,515,098 842,966 1,506,784 165,349 39.8 99.6 42.2 8.7
Years of education
0–8 1,822,723 63,992 732,636 1,026,095 28.9 7.6 20.5 54.0
9–11 1,317,979 134,339 873,871 309,769 20.9 15.9 24.5 16.3
12 1,658,740 8,804 1,298,073 351,863 26.3 1.0 36.4 18.5
13–15 638,113 0 506,594 131,519 10.1 0 14.2 6.9
16 or more 235,901 0 155,697 80,204 3.7 0 4.4 4.2
Unknown 638,875 638,875 0 0 10.1 75.5 0 0
Relationship to householder
Householder 3,222,949 0 1,951,121 1,268,298 51.1 0 54.7 66.8
Spouse 483,091 0 277,424 205,667 7.7 0 7.8 10.8
Child 1,432,897 680,730 752,167 0 22.7 80.5 21.1 0
Grandchild 110,373 80,595 0 0 1.8 9.5 0 0
Parent 299,272 0 85,170 214,102 4.7 0 2.4 11.3
Sibling 152,473 0 127,647 21,146 2.4 0 3.6 1.1
Other relative 303,450 44,583 92,833 166,033 4.8 5.3 2.6 8.7
Other nonrelative 307,827 32,892 250,732 24,203 4.9 3.9 7.0 1.3
Health insurance a
Medicaid 6,034,853 785,914 3,392,202 1,856,737 95.6 92.9 95.1 97.8
Medicare 2,149,989 0 840,439 1,309,551 34.1 0 23.6 68.9
Private 917,150 295,644 404,832 216,674 14.5 35.0 11.4 11.4
None 143,675 37,026 99,713 6,937 2.3 4.4 2.8 0.4
Type of child to mother
Natural 1,445,272 680,675 759,282 0 22.9 80.5 21.3 0
Stepchild 0 17,218 0 0 0 2.0 0 0
Adopted 0 0 36,351 0 0 0 1.0 0
Mother not present 4,804,157 142,883 2,767,138 1,894,135 76.1 16.9 77.6 99.7
Type of child to father
Natural 672,373 275,737 396,635 0 10.7 32.6 11.1 0
Stepchild 101,441 54,297 47,144 0 1.6 6.4 1.3 0
Adopted 0 11,287 40,184 0 0 1.3 1.1 0
Father not present 5,487,046 504,689 3,082,907 1,899,450 86.9 59.7 86.4 100.0
Source of income a
Social Security 2,360,000 70,923 1,066,337 1,222,740 37.4 8.4 29.9 64.4
Public assistance other than SSI 5,112,543 191,560 3,246,761 1,674,223 81.0 22.6 91.0 88.1
Earnings 448,762 37,692 375,112 35,958 7.1 4.5 10.5 1.9
Property income 611,559 23,214 347,456 240,889 9.7 2.7 9.7 12.7
Other 551,520 12,049 329,164 210,307 8.7 1.4 9.2 11.1
Total personal income in wave 2 b (dollars)
Less than 500 121,057 51,629 58,815 0 1.9 6.1 1.7 0
500–999 165,356 76,295 79,365 0 2.6 9.0 2.2 0
1,000–1,499 314,177 75,100 157,142 81,936 5.0 8.9 4.4 4.3
1,500–1,999 555,995 153,351 237,747 164,896 8.8 18.1 6.7 8.7
2,000–2,499 3,060,380 403,358 1,714,716 942,305 48.5 47.7 48.1 49.6
2,500–2,999 853,097 20,063 429,732 403,303 13.5 2.4 12.1 21.2
3,000–3,499 327,554 24,292 230,194 73,068 5.2 2.9 6.5 3.9
3,500–3,999 144,939 8,861 106,654 29,424 2.3 1.1 3.0 1.6
4,000–4,499 202,451 11,406 142,622 48,422 3.2 1.4 4.0 2.6
4,500–4,999 97,237 0 53,408 36,304 1.5 0 1.5 1.9
5,000 or more 470,088 14,130 356,476 99,482 7.5 1.7 10.0 5.2
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, SSA administrative records, matched to U.S. Census Bureau, 2001 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), wave 2, reference month 4.
NOTES: Individuals receiving SSI benefits in reference month 4 of wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP are identified using SSA administrative data for those who provided a valid Social Security number and using self-reported SIPP data for those who did not provide a valid number. The unweighted sample size is 1,729 cases for all SSI recipients: 209 cases aged 17 or younger, 1,061 cases aged 18 to 64, and 459 cases aged 65 or older.
Cells that contain less than 1.0 percent of all beneficiaries are rounded to zero because of concerns about sampling variability. Therefore, some distributions will not add to the total.
a. Individuals may be counted in more than one category.
b. Data are based on the sum of the 4 months included in wave 2. This represents a change from tables for previous years, in which annual income data were reported.
CONTACT: Paul Davies (410) 966-0299 or ssi.asr@ssa.gov.
Table 36. SSI payments as a percentage of personal income, by selected characteristics, 2001
Characteristic Number Percentage
of all
recipients		 Percentage distribution
Total Under 25%
of income		 25–49%
of income		 50–74%
of income		 75–99%
of income		 100%
of income
All recipients 6,312,331 100.0 100.0 19.3 15.5 9.7 9.0 46.5
Sex
Male 2,602,535 41.2 100.0 18.3 11.8 7.9 9.7 52.2
Female 3,709,797 58.8 100.0 20.0 18.1 11.0 8.5 42.4
Age
Under 18 846,010 13.4 100.0 0 1.4 7.1 5.5 85.4
18–64 3,566,871 56.5 100.0 16.6 14.7 10.8 10.8 47.1
65 or older 1,899,450 30.1 100.0 32.8 23.3 8.8 7.0 28.1
Race
White 3,777,325 59.8 100.0 20.4 15.2 10.2 9.5 44.8
Black 1,985,433 31.5 100.0 18.4 16.6 9.7 8.4 46.8
American Indian, Alaska Native 136,997 2.2 100.0 a a a a a
Asian, Pacific Islander 412,576 6.5 100.0 11.3 12.8 5.3 9.5 61.1
Ethnicity
Hispanic 1,130,540 17.9 100.0 14.6 15.4 11.0 7.6 51.4
Non-Hispanic 5,181,791 82.1 100.0 20.3 15.6 9.4 9.3 45.4
Marital status
Married 1,229,275 19.5 100.0 19.1 16.8 7.3 10.5 46.3
Widowed 1,101,608 17.5 100.0 35.3 20.9 10.0 7.6 26.3
Divorced or separated 1,466,350 23.2 100.0 22.3 16.9 10.1 9.9 40.9
Never married 2,515,098 39.8 100.0 10.7 11.8 10.5 8.4 58.7
Years of education
0–8 1,822,723 28.9 100.0 23.4 18.5 10.2 8.0 39.9
9–11 1,317,979 20.9 100.0 18.3 14.4 11.2 9.8 46.4
12 1,658,740 26.3 100.0 19.3 17.7 10.4 10.0 42.7
13–15 638,113 10.1 100.0 27.7 19.3 10.3 13.7 29.0
16 or more 235,901 3.7 100.0 21.0 14.2 7.0 10.2 47.7
Unknown 638,875 10.1 100.0 0 0 3.9 2.5 92.3
Living arrangement
Lives alone 1,747,279 27.7 100.0 28.4 21.0 9.1 10.0 31.5
Lives with relatives 4,281,752 67.8 100.0 15.3 12.8 10.3 8.5 53.1
Lives only with nonrelatives 283,301 4.5 100.0 23.3 23.4 5.8 9.5 38.2
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, SSA administrative records, matched to U.S. Census Bureau, 2001 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), wave 2, reference month 4.
NOTES: Individuals receiving SSI benefits in reference month 4 of wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP are identified using SSA administrative data for those who provided a valid Social Security number and using self-reported SIPP data for those who did not provide a valid number. The unweighted sample size is 1,729 cases for all SSI recipients: 209 cases aged 17 or younger, 1,061 cases aged 18 to 64, and 459 cases aged 65 or older.
Cells that contain less than 1.0 percent of all beneficiaries are rounded to zero because of concerns about sampling variability. Therefore, some distributions will not add to the total.
Personal income data are based on the 4 months included in wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP. This represents a change from tables for previous years, in which annual income data were reported.
a. Sample size is too small to support statistically reliable estimates. Distributions for which the base is fewer than 150,000 weighted cases are not shown.
CONTACT: Paul Davies (410) 966-0299 or ssi.asr@ssa.gov.
Table 37. Percentage distribution of family income, by selected characteristics and source, 2001
Characteristic Total Social
Security		 Public assistance Earnings Other a
Supplemental
Security
Income		 Other
All recipients 100.0 23.2 44.4 2.1 24.3 5.9
Sex
Male 100.0 20.3 44.0 2.0 27.1 6.5
Female 100.0 25.2 44.7 2.2 22.4 5.5
Age
Under 18 100.0 5.6 40.5 3.0 44.7 6.2
18–64 100.0 19.7 48.7 2.4 22.5 6.7
65 or older 100.0 37.5 38.2 1.1 18.8 4.3
Race
White 100.0 24.6 42.2 1.8 25.2 6.1
Black 100.0 22.7 48.1 2.7 20.7 5.9
American Indian, Alaska Native 100.0 b b b b b
Asian, Pacific Islander 100.0 11.7 46.2 1.7 35.1 5.3
Ethnicity
Hispanic 100.0 20.8 40.6 1.2 32.7 4.7
Non-Hispanic 100.0 23.7 45.3 2.3 22.5 6.2
Marital status
Married 100.0 20.5 42.6 2.3 29.3 5.3
Widowed 100.0 37.8 35.8 1.7 19.7 5.0
Divorced or separated 100.0 25.8 53.6 2.1 12.7 5.9
Never married 100.0 16.5 43.8 2.3 30.8 6.7
Years of education
0–8 100.0 30.1 44.2 1.3 20.2 4.2
9–11 100.0 21.9 50.0 2.8 19.4 5.8
12 100.0 21.5 42.7 2.0 26.8 7.0
13–15 100.0 28.6 45.7 3.3 15.0 7.4
16 or more 100.0 21.3 36.4 0 31.7 10.0
Unknown 100.0 5.5 39.8 2.9 46.5 5.3
Living arrangement
Lives alone 100.0 36.4 56.7 1.3 1.7 3.9
Lives with relatives 100.0 18.0 38.4 2.5 34.4 6.8
Lives only with nonrelatives 100.0 19.1 60.9 1.8 12.9 5.4
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, SSA administrative records, matched to U.S. Census Bureau, 2001 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), wave 2, reference month 4.
NOTES: Individuals receiving SSI benefits in reference month 4 of wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP are identified using SSA administrative data for those who provided a valid Social Security number and using self-reported SIPP data for those who did not provide a valid number. The unweighted sample size is 1,729 cases for all SSI recipients: 209 cases aged 17 or younger, 1,061 cases aged 18 to 64, and 459 cases aged 65 or older.
Cells that contain less than 1.0 percent of all beneficiaries are rounded to zero because of concerns about sampling variability. Therefore, some distributions will not add to the total.
Family income data are based on the 4 months included in wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP. This represents a change from tables for previous years, in which annual income data were reported.
a. Very few SSI recipients have property income. Because of concerns about the statistical reliability of the estimates, the property income data have been collapsed into Other.
b. Sample size is too small to support statistically reliable estimates. Distributions for which the base is fewer than 150,000 weighted cases are not shown.
CONTACT: Paul Davies (410) 966-0299 or ssi.asr@ssa.gov.
Table 38. Percentage distribution, by poverty status and selected characteristics, 2001
Characteristic Total Family income relative to poverty threshold
Under 100% 100–124% 125–149% 150–199% 200–299% 300%
or more
Subtotal Under 50% 50–99%
All recipients 6,312,331 46.3 4.7 41.5 11.9 8.2 10.4 11.5 11.7
Sex
Male 2,602,535 40.9 5.8 35.1 10.9 9.3 11.4 12.8 14.6
Female 3,709,797 50.0 4.0 46.0 12.6 7.5 9.8 10.5 9.7
Age
Under 18 846,010 35.6 13.1 22.5 14.4 8.5 13.6 18.0 9.9
18–64 3,566,871 48.0 4.8 43.2 8.9 8.7 10.7 12.4 11.3
65 or older 1,899,450 47.8 0 46.8 16.4 7.2 8.6 6.8 13.3
Race
White 3,777,325 44.5 3.2 41.3 11.3 7.4 11.2 13.4 12.2
Black 1,985,433 52.1 7.9 44.2 13.7 8.9 9.6 7.4 8.4
American Indian, Alaska Native 136,997 a a a a a a a a
Asian, Pacific Islander 412,576 25.0 2.1 23.0 11.6 14.5 9.3 14.5 25.2
Ethnicity
Hispanic 1,130,540 36.5 2.7 33.8 15.7 9.7 10.5 13.3 14.2
Non-Hispanic 5,181,791 48.4 5.2 43.2 11.1 7.9 10.4 11.0 11.2
Marital status
Married 1,229,275 38.6 4.1 34.5 9.5 11.0 13.5 13.4 14.1
Widowed 1,101,608 51.9 2.4 49.5 16.6 5.5 6.7 6.1 13.1
Divorced or separated 1,466,350 61.8 2.7 59.1 10.6 6.4 7.7 6.6 6.9
Never married 2,515,098 38.5 7.3 31.2 11.9 9.1 12.2 15.7 12.7
Years of education
0–8 1,822,723 51.4 3.2 48.2 14.1 7.7 6.8 10.9 9.2
9–11 1,317,979 52.3 7.6 44.7 12.2 7.9 8.6 10.6 8.3
12 1,658,740 38.3 2.2 36.1 10.6 9.0 14.4 11.4 16.2
13–15 638,113 52.0 3.4 48.5 6.7 10.6 10.8 11.2 8.8
16 or more 235,901 37.1 0 37.1 8.1 2.2 12.9 7.6 32.0
Unknown 638,875 37.4 13.0 24.4 15.2 8.3 13.0 16.8 9.4
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, SSA administrative records, matched to U.S. Census Bureau, 2001 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), wave 2, reference month 4.
NOTES: Individuals receiving SSI benefits in reference month 4 of wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP are identified using SSA administrative data for those who provided a valid Social Security number and using self-reported SIPP data for those who did not provide a valid number. The unweighted sample size is 1,729 cases for all SSI recipients: 209 cases aged 17 or younger, 1,061 cases aged 18 to 64, and 459 cases aged 65 or older.
Cells that contain less than 1.0 percent of all beneficiaries are rounded to zero because of concerns about sampling variability. Therefore, some distributions will not add to the total.
Family income data and poverty thresholds are based on the 4 months included in wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP. This represents a change from tables for previous years, in which annual income and poverty data were reported.
a. Sample size is too small to support statistically reliable estimates. Distributions for which the base is fewer than 150,000 weighted cases are not shown.
CONTACT: Paul Davies (410) 966-0299 or ssi.asr@ssa.gov.
Table 39. Percentage distribution, by poverty status before and after SSI payments and age, 2001
Family income relative to poverty threshold before SSI payments Total Family income relative to poverty threshold after SSI payments
Number Percent Under 50% 50–99% 100–124% 125–149% 150–199% 200–299% 300%
or more
All recipients 6,312,331 100.0 4.7 41.5 11.9 8.2 10.4 11.5 11.7
Under 50% 2,500,450 39.6 12.0 69.5 12.4 3.9 2.0 0 0
50–99% 1,610,763 25.5 0 54.9 24.3 14.9 5.3 0 0
100–124% 323,190 5.1 0 0 16.0 34.1 47.2 2.1 0.6
125–149% 342,495 5.4 0 0 0 20.8 61.9 12.5 4.7
150–199% 454,042 7.2 0 0 0 0 35.1 62.2 2.8
200–299% 516,824 8.2 0 0 0 0 0 72.2 27.8
300% or more 564,568 8.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 100.0
Under age 18 846,010 100.0 13.1 22.5 14.4 8.5 13.6 18.0 9.9
Under 50% 295,561 34.9 37.6 46.8 7.7 6.9 0 1.0 0
50–99% 183,259 21.7 0 28.2 53.9 14.6 1.6 1.7 0
100–124% 59,230 7.0 a a a a a a a
125–149% 58,403 6.9 a a a a a a a
150–199% 109,982 13.0 a a a a a a a
200–299% 86,198 10.2 a a a a a a a
300% or more 53,378 6.3 a a a a a a a
Aged 18–64 3,566,871 100.0 4.8 43.2 9.0 8.7 10.7 12.4 11.3
Under 50% 1,568,142 44.0 10.9 73.9 10.2 3.1 1.7 0 0
50–99% 729,627 20.5 0 52.5 19.0 21.1 6.4 1.1 0
100–124% 194,178 5.4 0 0 10.3 33.8 53.0 1.9 1.1
125–149% 211,415 5.9 0 0 0 20.1 57.2 17.1 5.6
150–199% 260,466 7.3 0 0 0 0 32.3 62.9 4.8
200–299% 300,040 8.4 0 0 0 0 0 75.5 24.6
300% or more 303,004 8.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 100.0
Aged 65 or older 1,899,450 100.0 0 46.8 16.4 7.2 8.6 6.8 13.3
Under 50% 636,747 33.5 2.8 69.2 20.0 4.4 3.6 0 0
50–99% 697,877 36.7 0 64.4 22.0 8.5 5.2 0 0
100–124% 69,782 3.7 a a a a a a a
125–149% 72,677 3.8 a a a a a a a
150–199% 83,594 4.4 a a a a a a a
200–299% 130,586 6.9 a a a a a a a
300% or more 208,186 11.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100.0
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, SSA administrative records, matched to U.S. Census Bureau, 2001 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), wave 2, reference month 4.
NOTES: Individuals receiving SSI benefits in reference month 4 of wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP are identified using SSA administrative data for those who provided a valid Social Security number and using self-reported SIPP data for those who did not provide a valid number. The unweighted sample size is 1,729 cases for all SSI recipients: 209 cases aged 17 or younger, 1,061 cases aged 18 to 64, and 459 cases aged 65 or older.
Cells that contain less than 1.0 percent of all beneficiaries are rounded to zero because of concerns about sampling variability. Therefore, some distributions will not add to the total.
Family income data and poverty thresholds are based on the 4 months included in wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP. This represents a change from tables for previous years, in which annual income and poverty data were reported.
a. Sample size is too small to support statistically reliable estimates. Distributions for which the base is fewer than 150,000 weighted cases are not shown.
CONTACT: Paul Davies (410) 966-0299 or ssi.asr@ssa.gov.
Table 40. Poverty gap before and after SSI payments, by selected characteristics, 2001
Characteristic Aggregate poverty gap
(thousands of dollars)		 Percentage reduction
in poverty gap
Before SSI After SSI
Total 10,423,016 3,367,341 67.7
Sex
Male 4,211,772 1,352,452 67.9
Female 6,211,244 2,014,889 67.6
Age
Under 18 1,667,352 670,326 59.8
18–64 6,392,095 2,083,051 67.4
65 or older 2,363,570 613,963 74.0
Race
White 5,504,834 1,686,697 69.4
Black 3,945,563 1,408,965 64.3
American Indian, Alaska Native 329,572 137,258 58.4
Asian, Pacific Islander 643,048 134,421 79.1
Ethnicity
Hispanic 1,621,332 432,816 73.3
Non-Hispanic 8,801,684 2,934,525 66.7
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, SSA administrative records, matched to U.S. Census Bureau, 2001 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), wave 2, reference month 4.
NOTES: When a beneficiary's family income is below the poverty threshold, the difference between the poverty threshold and family income is referred to as the poverty gap. The smallest individual poverty gap is zero if family income is equal to or greater than the poverty threshold. The largest poverty gap is equal to the poverty threshold for those with no family income at all. The aggregate poverty gap is the sum of the individual poverty gaps for all SSI beneficiaries.
Individuals receiving SSI benefits in reference month 4 of wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP are identified using SSA administrative data for those who provided a valid Social Security number and using self-reported SIPP data for those who did not provide a valid number. The unweighted sample size is 1,729 cases for all SSI recipients: 209 cases aged 17 or younger, 1,061 cases aged 18 to 64, and 459 cases aged 65 or older.
Family income data and poverty thresholds are based on the 4 months included in wave 2 of the 2001 SIPP. This represents a change from tables for previous years, in which annual income and poverty data were reported.
CONTACT: Paul Davies (410) 966-0299 or ssi.asr@ssa.gov.