SSI Annual Statistical Report, 2018

Recipients Who Work

Table 40. Blind and disabled recipients who work, selected months 1976–2018
Month All blind and disabled recipients a Blind and disabled recipients who work
Total Receiving SSI b Section 1619(b) participants Total as a percentage of all blind and disabled recipients
December  
1976 2,088,242 70,719 70,719 . . . 3.4
1977 2,186,771 83,697 83,697 . . . 3.8
1978 2,249,025 87,697 87,697 . . . 3.9
1979 2,277,859 92,270 92,270 . . . 4.1
1980 2,334,241 99,276 99,276 . . . 4.3
1981 2,340,785 102,632 102,632 . . . 4.4
1982 2,314,364 107,803 102,288 5,515 4.7
1983 2,391,262 113,899 108,734 5,165 4.8
1984 2,499,046 -- -- -- --
1985 2,633,552 -- -- -- --
1986 2,795,756 -- -- -- --
1987 2,945,244 172,855 157,223 15,632 5.9
1988 3,046,074 189,144 173,519 15,625 6.2
1989 3,172,270 205,837 187,583 18,254 6.5
1990 3,386,603 219,932 196,415 23,517 6.5
1991 3,681,050 229,619 202,355 27,264 6.2
1992 4,126,816 248,917 217,268 31,649 6.0
1993 4,544,777 265,649 230,350 35,299 5.8
1994 4,870,564 282,476 241,793 40,683 5.8
1995 5,115,014 298,635 251,633 47,002 5.8
1996 5,252,991 308,300 256,395 51,905 5.9
1997 5,189,724 319,855 262,766 57,089 6.2
1998 5,293,829 326,475 266,933 59,542 6.2
1999 5,317,861 340,618 271,353 69,265 6.4
2000 5,395,935 360,427 276,855 83,572 6.7
2001 5,500,481 346,110 269,655 76,455 6.3
2002 5,618,506 340,910 258,733 82,177 6.1
2003 5,740,683 323,682 252,585 71,097 5.6
2004 5,850,359 328,204 254,523 73,681 5.6
2005 5,977,788 336,570 258,365 78,205 5.6
2006 6,113,277 349,420 260,070 89,350 5.7
2007 6,252,564 357,344 259,793 97,551 5.7
2008 6,416,726 355,761 256,280 99,481 5.5
2009 6,582,261 340,175 248,641 91,534 5.2
2010 6,801,164 318,537 245,786 72,751 4.7
2011 6,996,435 312,779 247,011 65,768 4.5
2012 7,174,617 313,655 245,728 67,927 4.4
2013 7,274,177 312,068 244,250 67,818 4.3
2014 7,253,997 314,912 244,679 70,233 4.3
2015 7,228,405 328,008 251,675 76,333 4.5
2016 7,167,151 336,837 256,258 80,579 4.7
2017 7,140,090 342,217 253,327 88,890 4.8
2018 7,054,273 342,046 247,338 94,708 4.8
2016  
March 7,250,380 330,346 252,542 77,804 4.6
June 7,222,400 333,618 252,919 80,699 4.6
September 7,199,200 336,772 256,815 79,957 4.7
December 7,167,151 336,837 256,258 80,579 4.7
2017  
March 7,172,669 336,264 254,394 81,870 4.7
June 7,152,836 339,346 254,194 85,152 4.7
September 7,146,807 342,168 254,018 88,150 4.8
December 7,140,090 342,217 253,327 88,890 4.8
2018  
March 7,112,676 339,085 249,662 89,423 4.8
June 7,091,690 341,431 248,576 92,855 4.8
September 7,079,001 343,446 247,385 96,061 4.9
December 7,054,273 342,046 247,338 94,708 4.8
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTES: . . . = not applicable; -- = not available.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
b. Includes section 1619(a) participants and SSI recipients earning less than the substantial gainful activity level ($1,220 effective January 2019).
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 41. Blind and disabled recipients who work, by state or other area, December 2018
State or area All blind and disabled recipients Recipients who work
Number Percentage of all blind and disabled recipients
All areas 7,054,273 342,046 4.8
Alabama 154,682 4,051 2.6
Alaska 11,003 709 6.4
Arizona 102,631 4,753 4.6
Arkansas 101,353 4,186 4.1
California 894,557 40,775 4.6
Colorado 63,438 4,161 6.6
Connecticut 60,204 4,054 6.7
Delaware 16,022 1,035 6.5
District of Columbia 24,092 868 3.6
Florida 436,256 14,094 3.2
Georgia 236,080 7,854 3.3
Hawaii 18,012 823 4.6
Idaho 29,753 2,164 7.3
Illinois 239,391 13,129 5.5
Indiana 123,442 6,841 5.5
Iowa 49,309 5,426 11.0
Kansas 45,656 3,963 8.7
Kentucky 166,391 5,151 3.1
Louisiana 165,566 5,727 3.5
Maine 35,813 2,074 5.8
Maryland 107,506 6,090 5.7
Massachusetts 162,493 9,873 6.1
Michigan 256,285 14,401 5.6
Minnesota 85,143 10,517 12.4
Mississippi 110,070 2,678 2.4
Missouri 131,402 7,615 5.8
Montana 16,851 1,753 10.4
Nebraska 26,555 2,924 11.0
Nevada 42,616 2,109 4.9
New Hampshire 18,290 1,700 9.3
New Jersey 144,958 7,655 5.3
New Mexico 55,204 1,939 3.5
New York 518,888 20,161 3.9
North Carolina 213,677 9,023 4.2
North Dakota 8,045 1,070 13.3
Ohio 296,225 18,842 6.4
Oklahoma 91,235 3,967 4.3
Oregon 80,002 4,900 6.1
Pennsylvania 335,432 16,605 5.0
Rhode Island 29,991 1,531 5.1
South Carolina 108,586 4,946 4.6
South Dakota 13,571 1,589 11.7
Tennessee 166,819 5,044 3.0
Texas 551,541 21,499 3.9
Utah 29,413 2,998 10.2
Vermont 14,765 1,280 8.7
Virginia 139,989 6,857 4.9
Washington 134,324 7,255 5.4
West Virginia 70,586 1,860 2.6
Wisconsin 112,578 10,886 9.7
Wyoming 6,699 610 9.1
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 883 31 3.5
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: Includes section 1619(b) participants.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 42. Percentage distribution of all blind and disabled recipients and those who work aged 18–64, by diagnostic group, December 2018
Diagnostic group All blind and disabled recipients Recipients who work a
Total  
Number 4,714,234 324,490
Percent 100.0 100.0
Congenital anomalies 1.1 2.5
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 2.1 0.9
Infectious and parasitic diseases 1.2 0.9
Injuries 2.4 1.3
Mental disorders  
Autistic disorders 3.3 8.4
Developmental disorders 0.8 1.6
Childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified 1.0 2.3
Intellectual disability 18.9 34.6
Mood disorders 15.2 10.2
Organic mental disorders 3.5 4.0
Schizophrenic and other psychotic disorders 8.7 5.8
Other mental disorders 6.0 5.3
Neoplasms 1.2 0.9
Diseases of the—  
Blood and blood-forming organs 0.4 0.6
Circulatory system 4.2 1.5
Digestive system 1.0 0.5
Genitourinary system 1.1 0.8
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue 15.1 6.0
Nervous system and sense organs b 8.1 8.8
Respiratory system 2.1 0.8
Skin and subcutaneous tissue 0.2 0.1
Other 0.3 0.4
Unknown 2.2 1.9
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
b. Most disabled recipients classified as blind are included in this category. A few blind recipients with a primary impairment other than diseases of the eye are coded in other categories. Also, a few recipients are classified with diseases of the eye, but their impairment does not meet the definition of blindness.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 43. All blind and disabled recipients, those who work, and section 1619(b) participants aged 18–64, by age, December 2018
Age All blind and disabled recipients a Recipients who work a Section 1619(b) participants
Number Percent Number Percentage of all blind and disabled recipients Number Percentage of all blind and disabled recipients
Total 4,804,535 100.0 324,490 6.8 90,301 1.9
18–21 314,701 6.6 31,289 9.9 3,218 1.0
22–25 314,783 6.6 47,743 15.2 11,749 3.7
26–29 350,988 7.3 52,239 14.9 15,790 4.5
30–39 751,087 15.6 79,752 10.6 24,118 3.2
40–49 778,001 16.2 44,565 5.7 14,324 1.8
50–59 1,493,102 31.1 49,016 3.3 14,880 1.0
60–64 801,873 16.7 19,886 2.5 6,222 0.8
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 44. Blind and disabled recipients in December 2017, by program status and earnings in December 2018
Program status in December 2017 Total Receiving payments in December 2018 Not receiving payments in December 2018
Ineligible because of earned income Other excess income Other nonpay
Section 1619(b) Reasons no longer eligible
Section 1619(a) Have earnings No earnings Do not need or use Medicaid Can pay for equivalent coverage Both
All blind and disabled recipients 7,052,582 13,789 219,370 6,095,162 95,432 376 170 178 130,643 497,462
Receiving payments  
Section 1619(a) 15,327 4,218 2,635 2,941 2,802 13 2 6 537 2,173
Have earnings 238,754 2,889 157,717 42,685 11,174 23 7 6 6,300 17,953
No earnings 6,704,839 5,158 54,155 6,037,788 26,036 77 25 34 115,874 465,692
Not receiving payments  
Section 1619(b) 93,662 1,524 4,863 11,748 55,420 263 136 132 7,932 11,644
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 45. Blind and disabled recipients who work, by state or other area, December 2018
State or area Total Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants Other blind and disabled recipients who work
Number Percentage of total Number Percentage of total Number Percentage of total
All areas 342,046 14,443 4.2 94,708 27.7 232,895 68.1
Alabama 4,051 179 4.4 1,183 29.2 2,689 66.4
Alaska 709 36 5.1 227 32.0 446 62.9
Arizona 4,753 202 4.2 1,490 31.3 3,061 64.4
Arkansas 4,186 147 3.5 980 23.4 3,059 73.1
California 40,775 2,674 6.6 10,612 26.0 27,489 67.4
Colorado 4,161 144 3.5 1,160 27.9 2,857 68.7
Connecticut 4,054 109 2.7 1,023 25.2 2,922 72.1
Delaware 1,035 40 3.9 283 27.3 712 68.8
District of Columbia 868 54 6.2 383 44.1 431 49.7
Florida 14,094 653 4.6 4,268 30.3 9,173 65.1
Georgia 7,854 355 4.5 2,238 28.5 5,261 67.0
Hawaii 823 29 3.5 312 37.9 482 58.6
Idaho 2,164 95 4.4 667 30.8 1,402 64.8
Illinois 13,129 520 4.0 3,229 24.6 9,380 71.4
Indiana 6,841 232 3.4 1,921 28.1 4,688 68.5
Iowa 5,426 149 2.7 1,391 25.6 3,886 71.6
Kansas 3,963 101 2.5 880 22.2 2,982 75.2
Kentucky 5,151 200 3.9 1,438 27.9 3,513 68.2
Louisiana 5,727 272 4.7 1,573 27.5 3,882 67.8
Maine 2,074 71 3.4 678 32.7 1,325 63.9
Maryland 6,090 278 4.6 1,874 30.8 3,938 64.7
Massachusetts 9,873 443 4.5 3,134 31.7 6,296 63.8
Michigan 14,401 629 4.4 3,904 27.1 9,868 68.5
Minnesota 10,517 306 2.9 2,750 26.1 7,461 70.9
Mississippi 2,678 107 4.0 738 27.6 1,833 68.4
Missouri 7,615 225 3.0 2,028 26.6 5,362 70.4
Montana 1,753 41 2.3 380 21.7 1,332 76.0
Nebraska 2,924 75 2.6 633 21.6 2,216 75.8
Nevada 2,109 80 3.8 518 24.6 1,511 71.6
New Hampshire 1,700 60 3.5 572 33.6 1,068 62.8
New Jersey 7,655 293 3.8 1,925 25.1 5,437 71.0
New Mexico 1,939 76 3.9 550 28.4 1,313 67.7
New York 20,161 1,074 5.3 6,937 34.4 12,150 60.3
North Carolina 9,023 297 3.3 2,261 25.1 6,465 71.7
North Dakota 1,070 25 2.3 295 27.6 750 70.1
Ohio 18,842 552 2.9 4,619 24.5 13,671 72.6
Oklahoma 3,967 130 3.3 1,122 28.3 2,715 68.4
Oregon 4,900 234 4.8 1,462 29.8 3,204 65.4
Pennsylvania 16,605 630 3.8 4,458 26.8 11,517 69.4
Rhode Island 1,531 65 4.2 416 27.2 1,050 68.6
South Carolina 4,946 141 2.9 1,155 23.4 3,650 73.8
South Dakota 1,589 39 2.5 419 26.4 1,131 71.2
Tennessee 5,044 196 3.9 1,463 29.0 3,385 67.1
Texas 21,499 1,010 4.7 6,285 29.2 14,204 66.1
Utah 2,998 84 2.8 776 25.9 2,138 71.3
Vermont 1,280 56 4.4 453 35.4 771 60.2
Virginia 6,857 264 3.9 1,749 25.5 4,844 70.6
Washington 7,255 361 5.0 2,602 35.9 4,292 59.2
West Virginia 1,860 91 4.9 585 31.5 1,184 63.7
Wisconsin 10,886 285 2.6 2,536 23.3 8,065 74.1
Wyoming 610 29 4.8 163 26.7 418 68.5
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 31 5 16.1 10 32.3 16 51.6
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 46. Blind and disabled recipients who work and their average earnings, by selected characteristics, December 2018
Characteristic Number Percent Average earnings (dollars)
Total 342,046 100.0 783
Age  
Under 18 3,050 0.9 833
18–21 31,289 9.1 700
22–25 47,743 14.0 798
26–29 52,239 15.3 850
30–39 79,752 23.3 812
40–49 44,565 13.0 824
50–59 49,016 14.3 778
60–64 19,886 5.8 704
65 or older 14,506 4.2 487
Sex  
Male 192,511 56.3 793
Female 149,535 43.7 769
Earned income a  
Wages 316,597 92.6 816
Self-employment income 27,377 8.0 436
Earnings (dollars)  
65 or less 52,708 15.4 39
66–99 13,032 3.8 82
100–199 32,411 9.5 142
200–299 26,801 7.8 239
300–399 22,878 6.7 339
400–499 20,504 6.0 438
500–599 19,603 5.7 535
600–699 17,695 5.2 636
700–799 14,900 4.4 739
800–899 14,921 4.4 835
900–999 10,978 3.2 937
1,000–1,099 11,961 3.5 1,031
1,100–1,199 7,691 2.2 1,138
1,200–1,299 8,616 2.5 1,232
1,300–1,399 5,830 1.7 1,338
1,400–1,499 5,433 1.6 1,436
1,500 or more 56,084 16.4 2,390
Unearned income a  
None 197,408 57.7 919
Social Security benefits 126,108 36.9 545
Other pensions 2,276 0.7 703
Income based on need 210 0.1 965
Asset income 1,488 0.4 564
Other 20,364 6.0 892
Work incentives a  
Section 1619(a) 14,443 4.2 1,453
Section 1619(b) 94,708 27.7 1,631
Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) b 204 0.1 1,092
Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) 2,942 0.9 852
Blind work expenses (BWE) 955 0.3 1,331
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: Includes section 1619(b) participants.
a. The sum of the entries may be greater than the total because some recipients may receive more than one type of earned or unearned income or both earned and unearned income, or they may benefit from more than one work incentive provision.
b. Number of working recipients with a PASS. See Tables 53–56 for data on all recipients with a PASS.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 47. Number of section 1619 participants and percentage change from prior period, selected months 1982–2018
Month Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants a
Number Percentage change from prior period Number Percentage change from prior period
December  
1982 287 . . . 5,515 . . .
1983 392 36.6 5,165 -6.3
1984 -- -- -- --
1985 -- -- -- --
1986 -- -- -- --
1987 14,559 . . . 15,632 . . .
1988 19,920 36.8 15,625 b
1989 25,655 28.8 18,254 16.8
1990 13,994 -45.5 23,517 28.8
1991 15,531 11.0 27,264 15.9
1992 17,603 13.3 31,649 16.1
1993 20,028 13.8 35,299 11.5
1994 24,315 21.4 40,683 15.3
1995 28,060 15.4 47,002 15.5
1996 31,085 10.8 51,905 10.4
1997 34,673 11.5 57,089 10.0
1998 37,271 7.5 59,542 4.3
1999 25,528 -31.5 69,265 16.3
2000 27,542 7.9 83,572 20.7
2001 22,100 -19.8 76,455 -8.5
2002 17,271 -21.9 82,177 7.5
2003 17,132 -0.8 71,097 -13.5
2004 17,114 -0.1 73,681 3.6
2005 17,621 3.0 78,205 6.1
2006 17,394 -1.3 89,350 14.3
2007 16,939 -2.6 97,551 9.2
2008 16,142 -4.7 99,481 2.0
2009 11,900 -26.3 91,534 -8.0
2010 11,305 -5.0 72,751 -20.5
2011 11,763 4.1 65,768 -9.6
2012 11,813 0.4 67,927 3.3
2013 12,054 2.0 67,818 -0.2
2014 12,757 5.8 70,233 3.6
2015 13,098 2.7 76,333 8.7
2016 13,480 2.9 80,579 5.6
2017 15,210 12.8 88,890 10.3
2018 14,443 -5.0 94,708 6.5
2016  
March 13,434 2.6 77,804 1.9
June 14,240 6.0 80,699 3.7
September 14,395 1.1 79,957 -0.9
December 13,480 -6.4 80,579 0.8
2017  
March 13,674 1.4 81,870 1.6
June 14,164 3.6 85,152 4.0
September 14,600 3.1 88,150 3.5
December 15,210 4.2 88,890 0.8
2018  
March 14,938 -1.8 89,423 0.6
June 15,464 3.5 92,855 3.8
September 15,972 3.3 96,061 3.5
December 14,443 -9.6 94,708 -1.4
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTES: When the substantial gainful activity (SGA) level is periodically raised, SSI recipients with earnings below the increased SGA level become eligible for regular SSI benefits rather than the special cash payments under section 1619(a). This can lead to decreases in the number of 1619(a) participants.
. . . = not applicable; -- = not available.
a. Includes blind participants. Of the 94,708 participants in December 2018, 1,308 were blind.
b. Between zero and -0.05 percent.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 48. Ranking of state or other area, by section 1619 participants as a percentage of all blind and disabled recipients in state aged 18–64, December 2018
State or area Ranking All blind and disabled recipients a Section 1619 participants
Number Percent
All areas   4,804,535 104,531 2.18
North Dakota 1 6,008 311 5.18
Minnesota 2 60,351 2,970 4.92
South Dakota 3 9,532 441 4.63
New Hampshire 4 14,692 628 4.27
Vermont 5 11,629 497 4.27
Iowa 6 36,613 1,503 4.11
Utah 7 21,563 838 3.89
Wyoming 8 5,087 183 3.60
Nebraska 9 20,057 692 3.45
Idaho 10 21,882 748 3.42
Wisconsin 11 79,918 2,729 3.41
Montana 12 12,553 404 3.22
Alaska 13 8,230 258 3.13
Massachusetts 14 112,004 3,467 3.10
Washington 15 97,410 2,859 2.94
Kansas 16 32,647 944 2.89
Delaware 17 11,001 310 2.82
Oregon 18 59,099 1,638 2.77
Maryland 19 75,823 2,086 2.75
Colorado 20 46,320 1,265 2.73
Northern Mariana Islands 21 569 15 2.64
Maine 22 27,837 728 2.62
Connecticut 23 42,440 1,101 2.59
District of Columbia 24 16,943 418 2.47
Hawaii 25 13,125 320 2.44
New York 26 321,668 7,656 2.38
Indiana 27 90,851 2,104 2.32
Michigan 28 188,799 4,352 2.31
Arizona 29 70,575 1,616 2.29
Ohio 30 217,824 4,984 2.29
Missouri 31 97,670 2,167 2.22
New Jersey 32 96,401 2,122 2.20
California 33 566,901 12,305 2.17
Rhode Island 34 21,655 470 2.17
Illinois 35 166,551 3,593 2.16
Pennsylvania 36 227,350 4,884 2.15
Texas 37 341,808 6,963 2.04
Virginia 38 100,563 1,950 1.94
Oklahoma 39 66,051 1,201 1.82
Nevada 40 31,583 574 1.82
Florida 41 270,468 4,669 1.73
South Carolina 42 75,777 1,245 1.64
North Carolina 43 149,943 2,461 1.64
Arkansas 44 66,678 1,079 1.62
Louisiana 45 110,936 1,756 1.58
New Mexico 46 37,714 593 1.57
Georgia 47 161,727 2,489 1.54
Kentucky 48 118,263 1,576 1.33
Tennessee 49 122,776 1,589 1.29
West Virginia 50 52,957 656 1.24
Alabama 51 112,420 1,321 1.18
Mississippi 52 75,293 803 1.07
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 49. Section 1619(a) participants and their average earnings, by state or other area, selected months 2017–2018
State or area December 2017 September 2018 December 2018
Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars)
All areas 15,210 1,397 15,972 1,397 14,443 1,453
Alabama 188 1,363 208 1,380 179 1,435
Alaska 27 1,376 30 1,382 36 1,429
Arizona 219 1,372 221 1,352 202 1,423
Arkansas 164 1,392 141 1,403 147 1,419
California 2,846 1,497 2,970 1,500 2,674 1,554
Colorado 140 1,386 173 1,368 144 1,418
Connecticut 121 1,408 129 1,380 109 1,459
Delaware 36 1,395 48 1,375 40 1,462
District of Columbia 59 1,414 56 1,372 54 1,416
Florida 654 1,351 740 1,362 653 1,414
Georgia 359 1,362 383 1,376 355 1,414
Hawaii 34 1,493 39 1,397 29 1,404
Idaho 106 1,384 115 1,369 95 1,432
Illinois 508 1,369 554 1,371 520 1,418
Indiana 242 1,368 269 1,358 232 1,454
Iowa 171 1,410 165 1,399 149 1,456
Kansas 111 1,369 101 1,363 101 1,417
Kentucky 201 1,392 212 1,378 200 1,438
Louisiana 301 1,353 338 1,357 272 1,408
Maine 82 1,385 81 1,350 71 1,438
Maryland 297 1,376 305 1,361 278 1,413
Massachusetts 444 1,375 483 1,379 443 1,441
Michigan 615 1,373 693 1,370 629 1,440
Minnesota 328 1,372 311 1,384 306 1,449
Mississippi 124 1,368 111 1,386 107 1,421
Missouri 231 1,357 242 1,379 225 1,433
Montana 37 1,357 46 1,358 41 1,422
Nebraska 92 1,394 76 1,414 75 1,463
Nevada 100 1,385 95 1,378 80 1,450
New Hampshire 67 1,349 69 1,358 60 1,470
New Jersey 279 1,401 302 1,416 293 1,466
New Mexico 74 1,370 96 1,368 76 1,412
New York 1,069 1,373 1,128 1,375 1,074 1,429
North Carolina 331 1,372 338 1,361 297 1,416
North Dakota 22 1,371 25 1,391 25 1,415
Ohio 599 1,368 627 1,368 552 1,434
Oklahoma 123 1,394 151 1,386 130 1,442
Oregon 224 1,353 251 1,366 234 1,434
Pennsylvania 717 1,379 721 1,361 630 1,419
Rhode Island 82 1,364 75 1,366 65 1,401
South Carolina 151 1,357 142 1,351 141 1,425
South Dakota 42 1,340 40 1,396 39 1,460
Tennessee 226 1,363 220 1,361 196 1,418
Texas 1,125 1,377 1,138 1,373 1,010 1,425
Utah 88 1,375 94 1,370 84 1,415
Vermont 63 1,424 62 1,402 56 1,469
Virginia 290 1,373 323 1,362 264 1,421
Washington 387 1,376 402 1,384 361 1,427
West Virginia 103 1,375 104 1,422 91 1,452
Wisconsin 285 1,394 296 1,389 285 1,450
Wyoming 21 1,450 28 1,402 29 1,450
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 5 1,258 5 1,300 5 1,383
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 50. Section 1619(b) participants and their average earnings, by state or other area, selected months 2017–2018
State or area December 2017 September 2018 December 2018
Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars)
All areas 88,890 1,544 96,061 1,595 94,708 1,631
Alabama 1,011 1,566 1,188 1,634 1,183 1,668
Alaska a 231 1,673 225 1,612 227 1,683
Arizona 1,312 1,642 1,491 1,666 1,490 1,718
Arkansas 939 1,493 1,026 1,547 980 1,595
California 10,139 1,812 10,643 1,864 10,612 1,907
Colorado 1,066 1,419 1,210 1,514 1,160 1,556
Connecticut a 1,003 1,401 1,040 1,442 1,023 1,475
Delaware 293 1,669 271 1,585 283 1,533
District of Columbia 310 2,055 373 2,050 383 2,058
Florida 3,842 1,543 4,392 1,572 4,268 1,596
Georgia 1,945 1,638 2,246 1,647 2,238 1,694
Hawaii a 293 1,940 306 1,880 312 1,889
Idaho a 613 1,481 703 1,570 667 1,505
Illinois a 2,917 1,439 3,239 1,493 3,229 1,540
Indiana a 1,797 1,413 1,895 1,449 1,921 1,484
Iowa 1,441 1,216 1,423 1,257 1,391 1,297
Kansas a 782 1,256 914 1,335 880 1,366
Kentucky 1,306 1,609 1,393 1,584 1,438 1,620
Louisiana 1,495 1,455 1,600 1,481 1,573 1,503
Maine 644 1,457 681 1,534 678 1,547
Maryland 1,782 1,649 1,915 1,717 1,874 1,744
Massachusetts 3,000 1,730 3,232 1,749 3,134 1,788
Michigan 3,535 1,431 4,046 1,531 3,904 1,566
Minnesota a 2,633 1,360 2,833 1,429 2,750 1,449
Mississippi 696 1,596 759 1,620 738 1,692
Missouri a 2,048 1,222 2,068 1,228 2,028 1,253
Montana 394 1,326 396 1,360 380 1,365
Nebraska a 605 1,329 646 1,336 633 1,409
Nevada a 504 1,663 505 1,687 518 1,749
New Hampshire a 555 1,509 550 1,554 572 1,590
New Jersey 1,830 1,504 1,978 1,569 1,925 1,605
New Mexico 499 1,492 524 1,544 550 1,585
New York 6,731 1,712 7,010 1,795 6,937 1,837
North Carolina 2,020 1,455 2,250 1,493 2,261 1,546
North Dakota a 298 1,240 293 1,345 295 1,342
Ohio a 4,331 1,380 4,728 1,420 4,619 1,439
Oklahoma a 1,054 1,265 1,158 1,308 1,122 1,337
Oregon a 1,368 1,481 1,505 1,524 1,462 1,592
Pennsylvania 4,201 1,541 4,400 1,609 4,458 1,645
Rhode Island 400 1,579 418 1,638 416 1,677
South Carolina 996 1,459 1,138 1,506 1,155 1,547
South Dakota 420 1,167 445 1,228 419 1,281
Tennessee 1,417 1,514 1,549 1,594 1,463 1,620
Texas 5,928 1,587 6,402 1,636 6,285 1,671
Utah a 666 1,299 765 1,443 776 1,452
Vermont 466 1,460 456 1,450 453 1,449
Virginia a 1,691 1,398 1,792 1,485 1,749 1,500
Washington 2,315 1,782 2,622 1,819 2,602 1,876
West Virginia 564 1,722 601 1,774 585 1,831
Wisconsin 2,393 1,294 2,618 1,375 2,536 1,402
Wyoming 158 1,275 186 1,299 163 1,364
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 13 2,272 14 2,490 10 2,542
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. The Social Security Administration identifies persons as potential participants; the state makes final Medicaid determinations.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 51. Section 1619 participants and their average earnings, by selected characteristics, December 2018
Characteristic Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants
Number Percent Average earnings (dollars) Number Percent Average earnings (dollars)
All participants 14,443 100.0 1,453 94,708 100.0 1,631
Age  
Under 18 104 0.7 1,494 470 0.5 --
18–21 1,356 9.4 1,464 3,218 3.4 1,683
22–25 2,199 15.2 1,429 11,749 12.4 1,651
26–29 2,438 16.9 1,444 15,790 16.7 1,708
30–39 3,495 24.2 1,457 24,118 25.5 1,672
40–49 2,105 14.6 1,459 14,324 15.1 1,625
50–59 2,053 14.2 1,461 14,880 15.7 1,603
60–64 584 4.0 1,462 6,222 6.6 1,475
65 or older 109 0.8 1,532 3,937 4.2 1,254
Sex  
Male 7,887 54.6 1,461 52,892 55.8 1,697
Female 6,556 45.4 1,443 41,816 44.2 1,547
Earned income a  
Wages 14,046 97.3 1,455 91,753 96.9 1,649
Self-employment income 536 3.7 1,393 3,876 4.1 1,309
Earnings (dollars)  
Less than 400 . . . . . . . . . 6,045 6.4 266
400–499 . . . . . . . . . 3,599 3.8 441
500–599 . . . . . . . . . 4,644 4.9 538
600–699 . . . . . . . . . 5,249 5.5 638
700–799 . . . . . . . . . 4,969 5.2 740
800–899 . . . . . . . . . 5,097 5.4 836
900–999 . . . . . . . . . 3,953 4.2 938
1,000–1,099 . . . . . . . . . 4,193 4.4 1,030
1,100–1,199 . . . . . . . . . 2,923 3.1 1,137
1,200–1,299 2,577 17.8 1,258 3,082 3.3 1,231
1,300–1,399 3,280 22.7 1,338 2,068 2.2 1,338
1,400–1,499 3,034 21.0 1,436 1,911 2.0 1,435
1,500 or more 5,552 38.4 1,621 46,975 49.6 2,487
Unearned income a  
None 13,702 94.9 1,454 39,463 41.7 2,394
Social Security benefits 218 1.5 1,442 50,447 53.3 989
Other pensions 27 0.2 1,400 691 0.7 1,583
Income based on need 9 0.1 1,459 56 0.1 1,578
Asset income 35 0.2 1,459 345 0.4 1,557
Other 457 3.2 1,437 6,189 6.5 1,772
Work incentives a  
Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) b 70 0.5 1,983 0 0.0 0
Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) 209 1.4 1,501 835 0.9 1,574
Blind work expenses (BWE) 0 0.0 0 268 0.3 2,187
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTES: -- = not available; . . . = not applicable.
a. The sum of the entries may be greater than the total because some recipients may receive more than one type of earned or unearned income or both earned and unearned income, or they may benefit from more than one work incentive provision.
b. Includes 4 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 52. Percentage distribution of section 1619 participants aged 18–64, by diagnostic group, December 2018
Diagnostic group All blind and disabled recipients Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants
Total  
Number 4,714,234 14,230 90,301
Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0
Congenital anomalies 1.1 0.9 1.1
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 2.1 1.2 1.2
Infectious and parasitic diseases 1.2 1.2 1.3
Injuries 2.4 1.5 1.9
Mental disorders  
Autistic disorders 3.3 7.0 5.8
Developmental disorders 0.8 2.0 1.3
Childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified 1.0 2.4 1.5
Intellectual disability 18.9 25.4 25.7
Mood disorders 15.2 14.7 13.9
Organic mental disorders 3.5 5.1 4.6
Schizophrenic and other psychotic disorders 8.7 6.7 7.0
Other mental disorders 6.0 7.4 6.7
Neoplasms 1.2 0.8 1.4
Diseases of the—  
Blood and blood-forming organs 0.4 0.8 0.8
Circulatory system 4.2 1.7 1.8
Digestive system 1.0 0.5 0.7
Genitourinary system 1.1 1.2 1.2
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue 15.1 6.5 8.4
Nervous system and sense organs a 8.1 9.2 10.6
Respiratory system 2.1 0.9 1.0
Skin and subcutaneous tissue 0.2 0.1 0.2
Other 0.3 0.4 0.4
Unknown 2.2 2.3 1.7
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Most disabled recipients classified as blind are included in this category. A few blind recipients with a primary impairment other than diseases of the eye are coded in other categories. Also, a few recipients are classified with diseases of the eye, but their impairment does not meet the definition of blindness.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 53. Recipients benefiting from specified work incentives, by state or other area and provision, December 2018
State or area Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
All areas 568 2,942 955
Alabama 3 62 10
Alaska 0 (X) 3
Arizona (X) 44 14
Arkansas 12 34 10
California 92 158 118
Colorado 7 30 14
Connecticut 7 33 8
Delaware 0 20 3
District of Columbia 0 3 (X)
Florida 8 270 57
Georgia 7 149 11
Hawaii 4 (X) 3
Idaho (X) 7 (X)
Illinois (X) 115 29
Indiana (X) 64 17
Iowa 43 10 13
Kansas 26 96 9
Kentucky 3 49 16
Louisiana 3 44 17
Maine 17 4 0
Maryland 0 76 14
Massachusetts 38 119 49
Michigan 25 73 29
Minnesota (X) 35 19
Mississippi (X) 19 10
Missouri 26 62 19
Montana 11 9 3
Nebraska 15 13 6
Nevada 3 21 10
New Hampshire 5 5 5
New Jersey 20 108 23
New Mexico 3 18 (X)
New York 88 208 73
North Carolina 11 145 46
North Dakota (X) 8 (X)
Ohio 5 40 48
Oklahoma (X) 29 (X)
Oregon 5 15 10
Pennsylvania (X) 75 29
Rhode Island 5 8 (X)
South Carolina (X) 22 7
South Dakota (X) 6 (X)
Tennessee 3 59 15
Texas 23 288 93
Utah 0 16 4
Vermont 13 3 0
Virginia (X) 114 22
Washington 5 63 20
West Virginia 0 9 5
Wisconsin 7 77 27
Wyoming 0 (X) 0
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 0 0 (X)
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Includes 120 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 54. Recipients benefiting from specified work incentives, by selected characteristics and provision, December 2018
Characteristic Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total 568 100.0 2,942 100.0 955 100.0
Age  
Under 18 0 0.0 (X) (X) 0 0.0
18–21 24 4.2 193 6.6 39 4.1
22–25 64 11.3 549 18.7 115 12.0
26–29 57 10.0 601 20.4 135 14.1
30–39 148 26.1 769 26.1 292 30.6
40–49 120 21.1 325 11.0 152 15.9
50–59 120 21.1 330 11.2 131 13.7
60–64 28 4.9 110 3.7 51 5.3
65 or older 7 1.2 (X) (X) 40 4.2
Sex  
Male 244 43.0 1,715 58.3 507 53.1
Female 324 57.0 1,227 41.7 448 46.9
Earned income b  
Wages 213 37.5 2,814 95.6 897 93.9
Self-employment income 27 4.8 148 5.0 64 6.7
Earnings (dollars)  
None 332 58.5 0 0.0 0 0.0
65 or less 12 2.1 168 5.7 51 5.3
66–99 (X) (X) 66 2.2 18 1.9
100–199 9 1.6 237 8.1 72 7.5
200–299 11 1.9 275 9.3 55 5.8
300–399 9 1.6 261 8.9 49 5.1
400–499 16 2.8 237 8.1 38 4.0
500–599 20 3.5 238 8.1 36 3.8
600–699 16 2.8 182 6.2 52 5.4
700–799 11 1.9 155 5.3 27 2.8
800–899 12 2.1 156 5.3 30 3.1
900–999 15 2.6 119 4.0 39 4.1
1,000–1,099 17 3.0 112 3.8 41 4.3
1,100–1,199 11 1.9 78 2.7 28 2.9
1,200–1,299 6 1.1 80 2.7 33 3.5
1,300–1,399 5 0.9 54 1.8 31 3.2
1,400–1,499 (X) (X) 58 2.0 31 3.2
1,500 or more 60 10.6 466 15.8 324 33.9
Unearned income b  
None 150 26.4 1,562 53.1 523 54.8
Social Security benefits 401 70.6 1,214 41.3 390 40.8
Other pensions 5 0.9 29 1.0 6 0.6
Income based on need 0 0.0 (X) (X) (X) (X)
Asset income 3 0.5 13 0.4 9 0.9
Other 21 3.7 (X) (X) (X) (X)
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Includes 120 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
b. The sum of the entries may be greater than the total because some recipients may receive more than one type of earned or unearned income or both earned and unearned income.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 55. Percentage distribution of recipients benefiting from specified work incentives, by diagnostic group and provision, December 2018
Diagnostic group All blind and disabled recipients Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
Total  
Number 4,714,234 568 2,942 955
Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Congenital anomalies 1.1 1.4 4.5 0.4
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 2.1 1.2 0.7 0.3
Infectious and parasitic diseases 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.1
Injuries 2.4 3.0 1.7 0.0
Mental disorders  
Autistic disorders 3.3 5.8 13.8 0.1
Developmental disorders 0.8 0.5 1.8 0.0
Childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.0
Intellectual disability 18.9 6.5 34.5 2.0
Mood disorders 15.2 25.9 5.3 0.2
Organic mental disorders 3.5 3.7 3.7 0.2
Schizophrenic and other psychotic disorders 8.7 10.0 4.1 0.0
Other mental disorders 6.0 8.1 2.8 0.1
Neoplasms 1.2 0.9 0.4 0.1
Diseases of the—  
Blood and blood-forming organs 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.0
Circulatory system 4.2 2.1 1.6 1.2
Digestive system 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.0
Genitourinary system 1.1 0.9 0.6 0.3
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue 15.1 12.0 5.0 0.4
Nervous system and sense organs b 8.1 12.0 14.5 92.3
Respiratory system 2.1 1.1 0.3 0.0
Skin and subcutaneous tissue 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0
Other 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.0
Unknown 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.3
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes 120 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
b. Most disabled recipients classified as blind are included in this category. A few blind recipients with a primary impairment other than diseases of the eye are coded in other categories. Also, a few recipients are classified with diseases of the eye, but their impairment does not meet the definition of blindness.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 56. Percentage distribution of recipients with income excluded under specified work incentives, by amount excluded and provision, December 2018
Amount excluded (dollars) Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
Total  
Number 448 2,942 955
Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0
Under 25 0.0 17.4 14.5
25–49 0.0 17.3 9.8
50–99 1.1 26.4 13.7
100–199 1.8 24.7 19.4
200–299 2.9 7.3 11.2
300–499 9.4 4.6 14.6
500–599 7.1 0.8 4.3
600–699 7.6 0.6 2.6
700–799 6.9 0.3 1.7
800–899 7.6 0.1 0.9
900–999 7.6 0.0 1.6
1,000 or more 48.0 0.5 5.8
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Data do not include plans to achieve self-support that exclude only resources.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.