SSI Annual Statistical Report, 2020

Recipients Who Work

Table 40. Blind and disabled recipients who work, selected months 1976–2020
Month All blind and disabled recipients a Blind and disabled recipients who work
Total Receiving SSI b Section 1619(b) participants Total as a percentage of all blind and disabled recipients
December  
1976 2,088,242 70,719 70,719 . . . 3.4
1977 2,186,771 83,697 83,697 . . . 3.8
1978 2,249,025 87,697 87,697 . . . 3.9
1979 2,277,859 92,270 92,270 . . . 4.1
1980 2,334,241 99,276 99,276 . . . 4.3
1981 2,340,785 102,632 102,632 . . . 4.4
1982 2,314,364 107,803 102,288 5,515 4.7
1983 2,391,262 113,899 108,734 5,165 4.8
1984 2,499,046 -- -- -- --
1985 2,633,552 -- -- -- --
1986 2,795,756 -- -- -- --
1987 2,945,244 172,855 157,223 15,632 5.9
1988 3,046,074 189,144 173,519 15,625 6.2
1989 3,172,270 205,837 187,583 18,254 6.5
1990 3,386,603 219,932 196,415 23,517 6.5
1991 3,681,050 229,619 202,355 27,264 6.2
1992 4,126,816 248,917 217,268 31,649 6.0
1993 4,544,777 265,649 230,350 35,299 5.8
1994 4,870,564 282,476 241,793 40,683 5.8
1995 5,115,014 298,635 251,633 47,002 5.8
1996 5,252,991 308,300 256,395 51,905 5.9
1997 5,189,724 319,855 262,766 57,089 6.2
1998 5,293,829 326,475 266,933 59,542 6.2
1999 5,317,861 340,618 271,353 69,265 6.4
2000 5,395,935 360,427 276,855 83,572 6.7
2001 5,500,481 346,110 269,655 76,455 6.3
2002 5,618,506 340,910 258,733 82,177 6.1
2003 5,740,683 323,682 252,585 71,097 5.6
2004 5,850,359 328,204 254,523 73,681 5.6
2005 5,977,788 336,570 258,365 78,205 5.6
2006 6,113,277 349,420 260,070 89,350 5.7
2007 6,252,564 357,344 259,793 97,551 5.7
2008 6,416,726 355,761 256,280 99,481 5.5
2009 6,582,261 340,175 248,641 91,534 5.2
2010 6,801,164 318,537 245,786 72,751 4.7
2011 6,996,435 312,779 247,011 65,768 4.5
2012 7,174,617 313,655 245,728 67,927 4.4
2013 7,274,177 312,068 244,250 67,818 4.3
2014 7,253,997 314,912 244,679 70,233 4.3
2015 7,228,405 328,008 251,675 76,333 4.5
2016 7,167,151 336,837 256,258 80,579 4.7
2017 7,140,090 342,217 253,327 88,890 4.8
2018 7,054,273 342,046 247,338 94,708 4.8
2019 7,012,277 342,207 240,131 102,076 4.9
2020 6,916,899 292,246 198,951 93,295 4.2
2018  
March 7,112,676 339,085 249,662 89,423 4.8
June 7,091,690 341,431 248,576 92,855 4.8
September 7,079,001 343,446 247,385 96,061 4.9
December 7,054,273 342,046 247,338 94,708 4.8
2019  
March 7,028,928 339,969 246,202 93,767 4.8
June 7,025,035 342,764 245,870 96,894 4.9
September 7,035,013 345,423 244,779 100,644 4.9
December 7,012,277 342,207 240,131 102,076 4.9
2020  
March 7,009,383 337,839 238,995 98,844 4.8
June 6,994,222 306,175 213,819 92,356 4.4
September 6,998,472 299,270 203,706 95,564 4.3
December 6,916,899 292,246 198,951 93,295 4.2
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTES: . . . = not applicable; -- = not available.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
b. Includes section 1619(a) participants and SSI recipients earning less than the substantial gainful activity level ($1,310 effective January 2021).
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 41. Blind and disabled recipients who work, by state or other area, December 2020
State or area All blind and disabled recipients Recipients who work
Number Percentage of all blind and disabled recipients
All areas 6,916,899 292,246 4.2
Alabama 151,051 3,758 2.5
Alaska 10,913 614 5.6
Arizona 102,735 4,119 4.0
Arkansas 99,560 3,691 3.7
California 860,387 32,387 3.8
Colorado 62,349 3,579 5.7
Connecticut 60,709 3,408 5.6
Delaware 16,126 850 5.3
District of Columbia 23,173 691 3.0
Florida 435,640 12,991 3.0
Georgia 234,885 7,366 3.1
Hawaii 17,387 654 3.8
Idaho 29,811 2,129 7.1
Illinois 233,160 11,238 4.8
Indiana 123,299 6,185 5.0
Iowa 49,752 4,542 9.1
Kansas 45,154 3,424 7.6
Kentucky 160,406 4,295 2.7
Louisiana 161,178 4,932 3.1
Maine 34,945 1,721 4.9
Maryland 107,132 5,201 4.9
Massachusetts 158,057 8,361 5.3
Michigan 250,617 12,161 4.9
Minnesota 84,015 8,482 10.1
Mississippi 107,681 2,304 2.1
Missouri 129,736 6,586 5.1
Montana 16,452 1,540 9.4
Nebraska 27,068 2,362 8.7
Nevada 42,260 1,792 4.2
New Hampshire 17,624 1,411 8.0
New Jersey 140,309 6,285 4.5
New Mexico 53,719 1,635 3.0
New York 498,286 16,207 3.3
North Carolina 213,425 8,218 3.9
North Dakota 7,933 878 11.1
Ohio 293,820 16,070 5.5
Oklahoma 91,529 3,660 4.0
Oregon 79,796 4,188 5.2
Pennsylvania 328,683 14,727 4.5
Rhode Island 29,349 1,301 4.4
South Carolina 107,562 4,420 4.1
South Dakota 13,321 1,318 9.9
Tennessee 163,815 4,576 2.8
Texas 539,415 18,900 3.5
Utah 29,486 2,712 9.2
Vermont 14,472 1,006 7.0
Virginia 139,631 5,911 4.2
Washington 131,663 6,236 4.7
West Virginia 67,556 1,617 2.4
Wisconsin 112,179 9,017 8.0
Wyoming 6,789 569 8.4
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 899 21 2.3
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: Includes section 1619(b) participants.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 42. Percentage distribution of all blind and disabled recipients and those who work aged 18–64, by diagnostic group, December 2020
Diagnostic group All blind and disabled recipients Recipients who work a
Total  
Number 4,556,131 275,560
Percent 100.0 100.0
Congenital anomalies 1.2 2.4
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 1.9 0.9
Infectious and parasitic diseases 1.1 0.8
Injuries 2.4 1.4
Mental disorders  
Autism spectrum disorders 4.2 9.4
Developmental disorders 0.9 1.7
Childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified 0.2 0.3
Intellectual disorders 18.9 32.6
Depressive, bipolar, and related disorders 14.5 10.5
Neurocognitive disorders 3.2 3.7
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders 8.7 5.8
Other mental disorders 7.1 7.8
Neoplasms 1.2 0.9
Diseases of the—  
Blood and blood-forming organs 0.4 0.6
Circulatory system 4.1 1.5
Digestive system 0.9 0.5
Genitourinary system 1.1 0.8
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue 15.4 6.5
Nervous system and sense organs b 8.2 8.9
Respiratory system 2.1 0.8
Skin and subcutaneous tissue 0.2 0.1
Other 0.3 0.4
Unknown 1.9 1.6
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
b. Most disabled recipients classified as blind are included in this category. A few blind recipients with a primary impairment other than diseases of the eye are coded in other categories. Also, a few recipients are classified with diseases of the eye, but their impairment does not meet the definition of blindness.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 43. All blind and disabled recipients, those who work, and section 1619(b) participants aged 18–64, by age, December 2020
Age All blind and disabled recipients a Recipients who work a Section 1619(b) participants
Number Percent Number Percentage of all blind and disabled recipients Number Percentage of all blind and disabled recipients
Total 4,644,291 100.0 275,560 5.9 88,160 1.9
18–21 319,948 6.9 23,619 7.4 3,452 1.1
22–25 301,298 6.5 37,398 12.4 10,320 3.4
26–29 326,604 7.0 42,170 12.9 14,612 4.5
30–39 754,238 16.2 74,108 9.8 25,489 3.4
40–49 730,414 15.7 38,490 5.3 13,801 1.9
50–59 1,377,016 29.6 40,759 3.0 13,850 1.0
60–64 834,773 18.0 19,016 2.3 6,636 0.8
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 44. Blind and disabled recipients in December 2019, by program status and earnings in December 2020
Program status in December 2019 Total Receiving payments in December 2020 Not receiving payments in December 2020
Ineligible because of earned income Other excess income Other nonpay
Section 1619(b) Reasons no longer eligible
Section 1619(a) Have earnings No earnings Do not need or use Medicaid Can pay for equivalent coverage Both
All blind and disabled recipients 6,910,651 10,580 179,060 6,091,811 95,115 210 149 104 130,200 403,422
Receiving payments  
Section 1619(a) 14,402 4,136 2,839 3,190 2,157 (X) (X) (X) 803 1,271
Have earnings 226,530 1,911 141,389 51,868 8,458 (X) (X) (X) 7,718 15,173
No earnings 6,561,792 3,032 29,906 6,021,845 18,783 41 26 10 110,353 377,796
Not receiving payments  
Section 1619(b) 107,927 1,501 4,926 14,908 65,717 162 116 89 11,326 9,182
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 45. Blind and disabled recipients who work, by state or other area, December 2020
State or area Total Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants Other blind and disabled recipients who work
Number Percentage of total Number Percentage of total Number Percentage of total
All areas 292,246 11,049 3.8 93,295 31.9 187,902 64.3
Alabama 3,758 174 4.6 1,227 32.7 2,357 62.7
Alaska 614 18 2.9 228 37.1 368 59.9
Arizona 4,119 171 4.2 1,463 35.5 2,485 60.3
Arkansas 3,691 136 3.7 961 26.0 2,594 70.3
California 32,387 1,864 5.8 10,484 32.4 20,039 61.9
Colorado 3,579 122 3.4 1,145 32.0 2,312 64.6
Connecticut 3,408 107 3.1 1,005 29.5 2,296 67.4
Delaware 850 30 3.5 238 28.0 582 68.5
District of Columbia 691 42 6.1 349 50.5 300 43.4
Florida 12,991 469 3.6 4,400 33.9 8,122 62.5
Georgia 7,366 297 4.0 2,472 33.6 4,597 62.4
Hawaii 654 16 2.4 249 38.1 389 59.5
Idaho 2,129 100 4.7 751 35.3 1,278 60.0
Illinois 11,238 415 3.7 3,123 27.8 7,700 68.5
Indiana 6,185 185 3.0 1,892 30.6 4,108 66.4
Iowa 4,542 104 2.3 1,274 28.0 3,164 69.7
Kansas 3,424 90 2.6 773 22.6 2,561 74.8
Kentucky 4,295 142 3.3 1,353 31.5 2,800 65.2
Louisiana 4,932 196 4.0 1,552 31.5 3,184 64.6
Maine 1,721 67 3.9 695 40.4 959 55.7
Maryland 5,201 216 4.2 1,779 34.2 3,206 61.6
Massachusetts 8,361 271 3.2 3,168 37.9 4,922 58.9
Michigan 12,161 472 3.9 3,860 31.7 7,829 64.4
Minnesota 8,482 243 2.9 2,393 28.2 5,846 68.9
Mississippi 2,304 79 3.4 801 34.8 1,424 61.8
Missouri 6,586 175 2.7 1,989 30.2 4,422 67.1
Montana 1,540 33 2.1 382 24.8 1,125 73.1
Nebraska 2,362 62 2.6 559 23.7 1,741 73.7
Nevada 1,792 69 3.9 499 27.8 1,224 68.3
New Hampshire 1,411 41 2.9 553 39.2 817 57.9
New Jersey 6,285 211 3.4 1,910 30.4 4,164 66.3
New Mexico 1,635 55 3.4 547 33.5 1,033 63.2
New York 16,207 744 4.6 6,699 41.3 8,764 54.1
North Carolina 8,218 252 3.1 2,386 29.0 5,580 67.9
North Dakota 878 7 0.8 235 26.8 636 72.4
Ohio 16,070 483 3.0 4,516 28.1 11,071 68.9
Oklahoma 3,660 96 2.6 1,110 30.3 2,454 67.0
Oregon 4,188 178 4.3 1,464 35.0 2,546 60.8
Pennsylvania 14,727 574 3.9 4,643 31.5 9,510 64.6
Rhode Island 1,301 40 3.1 422 32.4 839 64.5
South Carolina 4,420 138 3.1 1,171 26.5 3,111 70.4
South Dakota 1,318 27 2.0 354 26.9 937 71.1
Tennessee 4,576 180 3.9 1,577 34.5 2,819 61.6
Texas 18,900 774 4.1 6,135 32.5 11,991 63.4
Utah 2,712 62 2.3 764 28.2 1,886 69.5
Vermont 1,006 33 3.3 385 38.3 588 58.4
Virginia 5,911 224 3.8 1,713 29.0 3,974 67.2
Washington 6,236 264 4.2 2,575 41.3 3,397 54.5
West Virginia 1,617 57 3.5 552 34.1 1,008 62.3
Wisconsin 9,017 224 2.5 2,351 26.1 6,442 71.4
Wyoming 569 (X) (X) (X) (X) 391 68.7
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 21 (X) (X) (X) (X) 10 47.6
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 46. Blind and disabled recipients who work and their average earnings, by selected characteristics, December 2020
Characteristic Number Percent Average earnings (dollars)
Total 292,246 100.0 916
Age  
Under 18 2,163 0.7 1,035
18–21 23,619 8.1 818
22–25 37,398 12.8 898
26–29 42,170 14.4 982
30–39 74,108 25.4 973
40–49 38,490 13.2 958
50–59 40,759 13.9 920
60–64 19,016 6.5 840
65 or older 14,523 5.0 602
Sex  
Male 165,112 56.5 931
Female 127,134 43.5 897
Earned income a  
Wages 268,329 91.8 964
Self-employment income 25,562 8.7 461
Earnings (dollars)  
65 or less 42,247 14.5 39
66–99 10,402 3.6 81
100–199 25,640 8.8 141
200–299 20,658 7.1 239
300–399 17,564 6.0 338
400–499 15,714 5.4 437
500–599 15,337 5.2 534
600–699 13,976 4.8 636
700–799 11,780 4.0 739
800–899 11,886 4.1 835
900–999 8,910 3.0 937
1,000–1,099 10,266 3.5 1,030
1,100–1,199 6,803 2.3 1,138
1,200–1,299 8,035 2.7 1,232
1,300–1,399 5,302 1.8 1,338
1,400–1,499 4,910 1.7 1,436
1,500–1,599 5,692 1.9 1,528
1,600–1,699 5,045 1.7 1,635
1,700–1,799 4,304 1.5 1,739
1,800–1,899 4,341 1.5 1,831
1,900 or more 43,434 14.9 2,880
Unearned income a  
None 171,211 58.6 1,092
Social Security benefits 103,478 35.4 593
Other pensions 1,989 0.7 819
Income based on need 214 0.1 1,051
Asset income 1,232 0.4 709
Other 18,979 6.5 1,042
Work incentives a  
Section 1619(a) 11,049 3.8 1,529
Section 1619(b) 93,295 31.9 1,848
Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) b 113 (L) 1,204
Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) 2,191 0.7 922
Blind work expenses (BWE) 653 0.2 1,585
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTES: Includes section 1619(b) participants.
(L) = less than 0.05 percent.
a. The sum of the entries may be greater than the total because some recipients may receive more than one type of earned or unearned income or both earned and unearned income, or they may benefit from more than one work incentive provision.
b. Number of working recipients with a PASS. See Tables 53–56 for data on all recipients with a PASS.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 47. Number of section 1619 participants and percentage change from prior period, selected months 1982–2020
Month Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants a
Number Percentage change from prior period Number Percentage change from prior period
December  
1982 287 . . . 5,515 . . .
1983 392 36.6 5,165 -6.3
1984 -- -- -- --
1985 -- -- -- --
1986 -- -- -- --
1987 14,559 . . . 15,632 . . .
1988 19,920 36.8 15,625 b
1989 25,655 28.8 18,254 16.8
1990 13,994 -45.5 23,517 28.8
1991 15,531 11.0 27,264 15.9
1992 17,603 13.3 31,649 16.1
1993 20,028 13.8 35,299 11.5
1994 24,315 21.4 40,683 15.3
1995 28,060 15.4 47,002 15.5
1996 31,085 10.8 51,905 10.4
1997 34,673 11.5 57,089 10.0
1998 37,271 7.5 59,542 4.3
1999 25,528 -31.5 69,265 16.3
2000 27,542 7.9 83,572 20.7
2001 22,100 -19.8 76,455 -8.5
2002 17,271 -21.9 82,177 7.5
2003 17,132 -0.8 71,097 -13.5
2004 17,114 -0.1 73,681 3.6
2005 17,621 3.0 78,205 6.1
2006 17,394 -1.3 89,350 14.3
2007 16,939 -2.6 97,551 9.2
2008 16,142 -4.7 99,481 2.0
2009 11,900 -26.3 91,534 -8.0
2010 11,305 -5.0 72,751 -20.5
2011 11,763 4.1 65,768 -9.6
2012 11,813 0.4 67,927 3.3
2013 12,054 2.0 67,818 -0.2
2014 12,757 5.8 70,233 3.6
2015 13,098 2.7 76,333 8.7
2016 13,480 2.9 80,579 5.6
2017 15,210 12.8 88,890 10.3
2018 14,443 -5.0 94,708 6.5
2019 14,368 -0.5 102,076 7.8
2020 11,049 -23.1 93,295 -8.6
2018  
March 14,938 -1.8 89,423 0.6
June 15,464 3.5 92,855 3.8
September 15,972 3.3 96,061 3.5
December 14,443 -9.6 94,708 -1.4
2019  
March 14,286 -1.1 93,767 -1.0
June 14,735 3.1 96,894 3.3
September 14,912 1.2 100,644 3.9
December 14,368 -3.6 102,076 1.4
2020  
March 13,763 -4.2 98,844 -3.2
June 12,449 -9.5 92,356 -6.6
September 12,311 -1.1 95,564 3.5
December 11,049 -10.3 93,295 -2.4
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTES: When the substantial gainful activity (SGA) level is periodically raised, SSI recipients with earnings below the increased SGA level become eligible for regular SSI benefits rather than the special cash payments under section 1619(a). This can lead to decreases in the number of 1619(a) participants.
. . . = not applicable; -- = not available.
a. Includes blind participants. Of the 93,295 participants in December 2020, 1,387 were blind.
b. Between zero and -0.05 percent.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 48. Ranking of state or other area, by section 1619 participants as a percentage of all blind and disabled recipients in state aged 18–64, December 2020
State or area Ranking All blind and disabled recipients a Section 1619 participants
Number Percent
All areas   4,644,291 99,004 2.13
Minnesota 1 58,854 2,528 4.30
New Hampshire 2 14,008 586 4.18
North Dakota 3 5,809 236 4.06
South Dakota 4 9,317 367 3.94
Idaho 5 21,890 825 3.77
Utah 6 21,666 804 3.71
Iowa 7 36,491 1,337 3.66
Vermont 8 11,230 405 3.61
Wyoming 9 5,183 170 3.28
Montana 10 12,101 393 3.25
Wisconsin 11 78,863 2,476 3.14
Massachusetts 12 106,276 3,308 3.11
Nebraska 13 20,132 604 3.00
Alaska 14 8,052 240 2.98
Washington 15 93,727 2,722 2.90
Maine 16 26,872 737 2.74
Colorado 17 44,973 1,218 2.71
Oregon 18 58,160 1,574 2.71
Kansas 19 31,933 826 2.59
Maryland 20 74,608 1,919 2.57
Connecticut 21 42,023 1,079 2.57
Delaware 22 10,964 256 2.33
New York 23 305,560 7,083 2.32
District of Columbia 24 15,811 366 2.31
Michigan 25 180,993 4,137 2.29
Pennsylvania 26 219,965 4,977 2.26
Ohio 27 211,728 4,773 2.25
Indiana 28 89,548 1,999 2.23
Arizona 29 69,957 1,539 2.20
New Jersey 30 91,991 2,001 2.18
Missouri 31 95,211 2,066 2.17
Rhode Island 32 20,862 446 2.14
California 33 530,411 11,245 2.12
Illinois 34 159,981 3,371 2.11
Hawaii 35 12,330 245 1.99
Texas 36 333,282 6,532 1.96
Virginia 37 99,182 1,856 1.87
Northern Mariana Islands 38 596 11 1.85
Oklahoma 39 65,952 1,159 1.76
Florida 40 265,387 4,558 1.72
Nevada 41 31,422 537 1.71
North Carolina 42 149,342 2,527 1.69
South Carolina 43 74,196 1,243 1.68
Georgia 44 157,915 2,629 1.66
Arkansas 45 65,106 1,051 1.61
Louisiana 46 106,092 1,645 1.55
New Mexico 47 36,375 557 1.53
Tennessee 48 118,342 1,674 1.41
Kentucky 49 112,411 1,431 1.27
Alabama 50 108,348 1,342 1.24
West Virginia 51 50,061 579 1.16
Mississippi 52 72,802 815 1.12
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Includes section 1619(b) participants.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 49. Section 1619(a) participants and their average earnings, by state or other area, selected months 2019–2020
State or area December 2019 September 2020 December 2020
Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars)
All areas 14,368 1,492 12,311 1,488 11,049 1,529
Alabama 195 1,461 180 1,472 174 1,494
Alaska 30 1,482 24 1,442 18 1,488
Arizona 197 1,476 177 1,460 171 1,481
Arkansas 149 1,463 141 1,499 136 1,525
California 2,511 1,591 2,043 1,596 1,864 1,639
Colorado 148 1,448 140 1,473 122 1,495
Connecticut 126 1,472 112 1,514 107 1,548
Delaware 44 1,498 32 1,479 30 1,568
District of Columbia 76 1,459 34 1,467 42 1,509
Florida 684 1,468 562 1,456 469 1,507
Georgia 359 1,456 328 1,468 297 1,503
Hawaii 29 1,488 22 1,432 16 1,484
Idaho 114 1,497 114 1,506 100 1,527
Illinois 547 1,464 458 1,468 415 1,505
Indiana 255 1,476 217 1,463 185 1,491
Iowa 170 1,528 121 1,498 104 1,539
Kansas 101 1,481 95 1,483 90 1,508
Kentucky 181 1,489 169 1,480 142 1,531
Louisiana 258 1,445 231 1,447 196 1,494
Maine 74 1,496 75 1,503 67 1,527
Maryland 316 1,465 273 1,463 216 1,492
Massachusetts 407 1,471 356 1,447 271 1,515
Michigan 604 1,468 492 1,465 472 1,512
Minnesota 337 1,485 254 1,471 243 1,508
Mississippi 103 1,452 98 1,444 79 1,530
Missouri 210 1,481 198 1,481 175 1,504
Montana 38 1,487 33 1,478 33 1,473
Nebraska 80 1,485 64 1,472 62 1,525
Nevada 78 1,496 77 1,491 69 1,520
New Hampshire 73 1,469 60 1,464 41 1,492
New Jersey 259 1,486 240 1,490 211 1,545
New Mexico 76 1,472 59 1,457 55 1,511
New York 995 1,471 860 1,463 744 1,502
North Carolina 276 1,467 287 1,449 252 1,493
North Dakota 22 1,496 12 1,474 7 1,417
Ohio 607 1,485 525 1,475 483 1,522
Oklahoma 135 1,479 101 1,466 96 1,507
Oregon 253 1,458 192 1,469 178 1,507
Pennsylvania 687 1,472 595 1,472 574 1,516
Rhode Island 72 1,454 52 1,486 40 1,493
South Carolina 136 1,445 137 1,450 138 1,486
South Dakota 21 1,564 30 1,496 27 1,524
Tennessee 187 1,461 190 1,464 180 1,498
Texas 960 1,464 856 1,461 774 1,500
Utah 88 1,451 72 1,450 62 1,473
Vermont 62 1,561 40 1,564 33 1,615
Virginia 287 1,446 260 1,441 224 1,480
Washington 361 1,474 308 1,458 264 1,501
West Virginia 81 1,468 63 1,479 57 1,498
Wisconsin 276 1,467 235 1,458 224 1,511
Wyoming 29 1,514 (X) (X) (X) (X)
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 4 1,504 (X) (X) (X) (X)
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 50. Section 1619(b) participants and their average earnings, by state or other area, selected months 2019–2020
State or area December 2019 September 2020 December 2020
Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars) Number Average earnings (dollars)
All areas 102,076 1,750 95,564 1,844 93,295 1,848
Alabama 1,300 1,814 1,278 1,840 1,227 1,850
Alaska a 220 1,774 209 1,852 228 1,970
Arizona 1,566 1,818 1,542 1,899 1,463 1,922
Arkansas 999 1,604 1,019 1,752 961 1,746
California 11,406 2,045 10,638 2,172 10,484 2,191
Colorado 1,255 1,652 1,194 1,738 1,145 1,765
Connecticut a 1,089 1,530 988 1,696 1,005 1,716
Delaware 300 1,607 250 1,726 238 1,756
District of Columbia 390 2,205 375 2,316 349 2,352
Florida 4,710 1,675 4,437 1,751 4,400 1,759
Georgia 2,563 1,779 2,464 1,865 2,472 1,861
Hawaii a 308 2,062 273 2,068 249 2,097
Idaho a 754 1,580 741 1,656 751 1,681
Illinois a 3,431 1,668 3,232 1,776 3,123 1,761
Indiana a 2,029 1,626 1,956 1,704 1,892 1,700
Iowa 1,456 1,408 1,296 1,525 1,274 1,508
Kansas a 940 1,510 812 1,483 773 1,512
Kentucky 1,404 1,807 1,351 1,846 1,353 1,846
Louisiana 1,751 1,582 1,626 1,620 1,552 1,622
Maine 744 1,693 693 1,903 695 1,901
Maryland 1,990 1,889 1,910 1,991 1,779 1,991
Massachusetts 3,416 1,913 3,205 2,044 3,168 2,042
Michigan 4,182 1,676 3,921 1,773 3,860 1,767
Minnesota a 2,838 1,578 2,466 1,641 2,393 1,662
Mississippi 838 1,837 787 1,885 801 1,891
Missouri a 2,115 1,383 2,000 1,481 1,989 1,454
Montana 431 1,472 403 1,517 382 1,483
Nebraska a 604 1,449 581 1,523 559 1,511
Nevada a 559 1,904 499 1,960 499 1,998
New Hampshire a 594 1,627 554 1,792 553 1,799
New Jersey 2,056 1,757 1,935 1,812 1,910 1,823
New Mexico 613 1,710 577 1,729 547 1,772
New York 7,472 1,993 6,895 2,103 6,699 2,105
North Carolina 2,476 1,680 2,401 1,728 2,386 1,738
North Dakota a 281 1,506 243 1,641 235 1,482
Ohio a 5,013 1,559 4,561 1,649 4,516 1,652
Oklahoma a 1,211 1,421 1,138 1,446 1,110 1,475
Oregon a 1,695 1,699 1,540 1,818 1,464 1,831
Pennsylvania 5,129 1,791 4,858 1,904 4,643 1,891
Rhode Island 459 1,770 422 1,881 422 1,867
South Carolina 1,218 1,634 1,160 1,736 1,171 1,731
South Dakota 432 1,360 355 1,510 354 1,473
Tennessee 1,653 1,685 1,594 1,747 1,577 1,742
Texas 6,654 1,780 6,331 1,828 6,135 1,832
Utah a 806 1,485 786 1,569 764 1,620
Vermont 479 1,602 390 1,723 385 1,684
Virginia a 1,903 1,606 1,809 1,718 1,713 1,690
Washington 2,811 1,990 2,633 2,138 2,575 2,159
West Virginia 561 1,925 558 1,934 552 1,957
Wisconsin 2,766 1,495 2,499 1,621 2,351 1,578
Wyoming 193 1,461 (X) (X) (X) (X)
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 13 2,879 (X) (X) (X) (X)
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. The Social Security Administration identifies persons as potential participants; the state makes final Medicaid determinations.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 51. Section 1619 participants and their average earnings, by selected characteristics, December 2020
Characteristic Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants
Number Percent Average earnings (dollars) Number Percent Average earnings (dollars)
All participants 11,049 100.0 1,529 93,295 100.0 1,848
Age  
Under 18 91 0.8 1,526 439 0.5 --
18–21 1,183 10.7 1,571 3,452 3.7 1,888
22–25 1,554 14.1 1,510 10,320 11.1 1,815
26–29 1,635 14.8 1,516 14,612 15.7 1,895
30–39 2,928 26.5 1,524 25,489 27.3 1,937
40–49 1,556 14.1 1,529 13,801 14.8 1,849
50–59 1,509 13.7 1,540 13,850 14.8 1,841
60–64 479 4.3 1,527 6,636 7.1 1,711
65 or older 114 1.0 1,569 4,696 5.0 1,389
Sex  
Male 5,916 53.5 1,536 52,770 56.6 1,918
Female 5,133 46.5 1,521 40,525 43.4 1,757
Earned income a  
Wages 10,823 98.0 1,530 90,356 96.8 1,870
Self-employment income 319 2.9 1,497 3,840 4.1 1,425
Earnings (dollars)  
Less than 400 . . . . . . . . . 4,783 5.1 268
400–499 . . . . . . . . . 2,853 3.1 440
500–599 . . . . . . . . . 3,647 3.9 537
600–699 . . . . . . . . . 4,131 4.4 639
700–799 . . . . . . . . . 3,970 4.3 740
800–899 . . . . . . . . . 4,162 4.5 835
900–999 . . . . . . . . . 3,159 3.4 938
1,000–1,099 . . . . . . . . . 3,644 3.9 1,031
1,100–1,199 . . . . . . . . . 2,456 2.6 1,140
1,200–1,299 . . . . . . . . . 2,994 3.2 1,231
1,300–1,399 2,097 19.0 1,352 1,956 2.1 1,339
1,400–1,499 2,687 24.3 1,436 1,889 2.0 1,436
1,500–1,599 3,125 28.3 1,529 2,185 2.3 1,528
1,600–1,699 2,104 19.0 1,622 2,645 2.8 1,646
1,700–1,799 286 2.6 1,736 3,814 4.1 1,739
1,800–1,899 292 2.6 1,834 3,822 4.1 1,831
1,900 or more 458 4.1 2,147 41,185 44.1 2,889
Unearned income a  
None 10,542 95.4 1,530 43,981 47.1 2,560
Social Security benefits 128 1.2 1,502 43,550 46.7 1,076
Other pensions 19 0.2 1,430 657 0.7 1,770
Income based on need 9 0.1 1,557 82 0.1 1,616
Asset income 23 0.2 1,613 330 0.4 1,805
Other 336 3.0 1,531 6,925 7.4 1,946
Work incentives a  
Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) b 43 0.4 2,140 0 0.0 0
Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) 133 1.2 1,577 650 0.7 1,843
Blind work expenses (BWE) 0 0.0 0 220 0.2 2,620
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTES: -- = not available; . . . = not applicable.
a. The sum of the entries may be greater than the total because some recipients may receive more than one type of earned or unearned income or both earned and unearned income, or they may benefit from more than one work incentive provision.
b. Includes 7 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 52. Percentage distribution of section 1619 participants aged 18–64, by diagnostic group, December 2020
Diagnostic group All blind and disabled recipients Section 1619(a) participants Section 1619(b) participants
Total  
Number 4,556,131 10,844 88,160
Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0
Congenital anomalies 1.2 0.9 1.0
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 1.9 1.2 1.2
Infectious and parasitic diseases 1.1 0.9 1.2
Injuries 2.4 1.5 1.9
Mental disorders  
Autism spectrum disorders 4.2 8.2 6.7
Developmental disorders 0.9 2.4 1.5
Childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified 0.2 0.4 0.2
Intellectual disorders 18.9 25.5 24.1
Depressive, bipolar, and related disorders 14.5 14.4 14.0
Neurocognitive disorders 3.2 3.9 4.2
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders 8.7 6.2 6.8
Other mental disorders 7.1 10.5 8.7
Neoplasms 1.2 1.0 1.3
Diseases of the—  
Blood and blood-forming organs 0.4 0.9 0.8
Circulatory system 4.1 1.4 1.9
Digestive system 0.9 0.8 0.7
Genitourinary system 1.1 0.9 1.2
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue 15.4 6.5 8.6
Nervous system and sense organs a 8.2 9.5 11.0
Respiratory system 2.1 0.8 1.0
Skin and subcutaneous tissue 0.2 0.2 0.2
Other 0.3 0.5 0.4
Unknown 1.9 1.7 1.5
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
a. Most disabled recipients classified as blind are included in this category. A few blind recipients with a primary impairment other than diseases of the eye are coded in other categories. Also, a few recipients are classified with diseases of the eye, but their impairment does not meet the definition of blindness.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 53. Recipients benefiting from specified work incentives, by state or other area and provision, December 2020
State or area Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
All areas 401 2,191 653
Alabama (X) 57 6
Alaska 0 0 (X)
Arizona (X) 28 9
Arkansas 6 23 6
California 84 129 96
Colorado 6 23 10
Connecticut 4 20 5
Delaware 0 6 (X)
District of Columbia 0 (X) (X)
Florida 13 192 46
Georgia 7 124 16
Hawaii 6 (X) (X)
Idaho 0 (X) 5
Illinois 4 71 19
Indiana 0 44 11
Iowa 25 7 (X)
Kansas 16 71 4
Kentucky 5 34 13
Louisiana (X) 30 11
Maine 17 (X) 0
Maryland 0 61 11
Massachusetts 25 75 34
Michigan (X) 47 19
Minnesota (X) 20 19
Mississippi (X) 8 9
Missouri 23 41 7
Montana 6 11 (X)
Nebraska 10 10 3
Nevada (X) 17 5
New Hampshire 7 (X) 0
New Jersey 16 59 12
New Mexico 0 16 (X)
New York 45 131 40
North Carolina 5 99 37
North Dakota 0 5 (X)
Ohio (X) 40 26
Oklahoma 0 29 6
Oregon 5 9 11
Pennsylvania (X) 60 24
Rhode Island 3 4 (X)
South Carolina (X) 21 (X)
South Dakota (X) 8 3
Tennessee 3 40 6
Texas 19 324 58
Utah 0 5 (X)
Vermont 10 (X) 0
Virginia (X) 79 14
Washington 3 43 11
West Virginia 0 4 (X)
Wisconsin 3 51 16
Wyoming 0 (X) 0
Outlying area  
Northern Mariana Islands 0 0 0
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Includes 105 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 54. Recipients benefiting from specified work incentives, by selected characteristics and provision, December 2020
Characteristic Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total 401 100.0 2,191 100.0 653 100.0
Age  
Under 18 0 0.0 3 0.1 0 0.0
18–21 14 3.5 119 5.4 26 4.0
22–25 52 13.0 363 16.6 71 10.9
26–29 43 10.7 371 16.9 98 15.0
30–39 93 23.2 653 29.8 200 30.6
40–49 76 19.0 252 11.5 111 17.0
50–59 81 20.2 252 11.5 84 12.9
60–64 34 8.5 112 5.1 28 4.3
65 or older 8 2.0 66 3.0 35 5.4
Sex  
Male 181 45.1 1,298 59.2 348 53.3
Female 220 54.9 893 40.8 305 46.7
Earned income b  
Wages 112 27.9 2,071 94.5 618 94.6
Self-employment income 25 6.2 131 6.0 43 6.6
Earnings (dollars)  
None 267 66.6 0 0.0 0 0.0
65 or less 3 0.7 220 10.0 39 6.0
66–99 (X) (X) 54 2.5 14 2.1
100–199 10 2.5 186 8.5 49 7.5
200–299 (X) (X) 194 8.9 26 4.0
300–399 4 1.0 154 7.0 29 4.4
400–499 7 1.7 126 5.8 14 2.1
500–599 10 2.5 138 6.3 21 3.2
600–699 10 2.5 116 5.3 31 4.7
700–799 6 1.5 103 4.7 9 1.4
800–899 10 2.5 92 4.2 25 3.8
900–999 (X) (X) 79 3.6 23 3.5
1,000–1,099 15 3.7 70 3.2 21 3.2
1,100–1,199 3 0.7 74 3.4 16 2.5
1,200–1,299 5 1.2 64 2.9 15 2.3
1,300–1,399 5 1.2 41 1.9 12 1.8
1,400–1,499 (X) (X) 39 1.8 18 2.8
1,500–1,599 6 1.5 50 2.3 10 1.5
1,600–1,699 7 1.7 40 1.8 23 3.5
1,700–1,799 (X) (X) 30 1.4 18 2.8
1,800–1,899 4 1.0 34 1.6 15 2.3
1,900 or more 21 5.2 287 13.1 225 34.5
Unearned income b  
None 108 26.9 1,207 55.1 386 59.1
Social Security benefits 271 67.6 859 39.2 236 36.1
Other pensions 4 1.0 20 0.9 6 0.9
Income based on need 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Asset income (X) (X) 14 0.6 7 1.1
Other 36 9.0 151 6.9 30 4.6
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Includes 105 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
b. The sum of the entries may be greater than the total because some recipients may receive more than one type of earned or unearned income or both earned and unearned income.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 55. Percentage distribution of recipients benefiting from specified work incentives, by diagnostic group and provision, December 2020
Diagnostic group All blind and disabled recipients aged 18–64 Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
Total  
Number 4,556,131 401 2,191 653
Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Congenital anomalies 1.2 1.5 3.8 0.6
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases 1.9 1.5 0.7 (X)
Infectious and parasitic diseases 1.1 1.5 0.7 (X)
Injuries 2.4 4.2 1.7 0.0
Mental disorders  
Autism spectrum disorders 4.2 8.2 14.1 (X)
Developmental disorders 0.9 (X) 1.6 0.0
Childhood and adolescent disorders not elsewhere classified 0.2 0.0 (X) 0.0
Intellectual disorders 18.9 5.2 32.1 1.4
Depressive, bipolar, and related disorders 14.5 25.9 5.8 (X)
Neurocognitive disorders 3.2 2.7 3.1 0.0
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders 8.7 9.2 5.0 0.0
Other mental disorders 7.1 9.7 4.9 0.0
Neoplasms 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.0
Diseases of the—  
Blood and blood-forming organs 0.4 (X) (X) 0.0
Circulatory system 4.1 1.2 1.6 0.9
Digestive system 0.9 1.5 0.4 0.0
Genitourinary system 1.1 (X) 0.7 (X)
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue 15.4 9.7 6.0 (X)
Nervous system and sense organs b 8.2 12.0 13.9 93.3
Respiratory system 2.1 1.0 0.6 0.0
Skin and subcutaneous tissue 0.2 (X) (X) 0.0
Other 0.3 (X) 0.3 0.0
Unknown 1.9 1.7 1.6 (X)
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Includes 105 persons with a PASS that excludes only resources.
b. Most disabled recipients classified as blind are included in this category. A few blind recipients with a primary impairment other than diseases of the eye are coded in other categories. Also, a few recipients are classified with diseases of the eye, but their impairment does not meet the definition of blindness.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.
Table 56. Percentage distribution of recipients with income excluded under specified work incentives, by amount excluded and provision, December 2020
Amount excluded (dollars) Plan to achieve self-support (PASS) a Impairment-related work expenses (IRWE) Blind work expenses (BWE)
Total  
Number 296 2,191 653
Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0
Under 25 0.0 21.8 16.2
25–49 0.0 16.6 8.3
50–99 (X) 26.1 11.6
100–199 1.7 21.4 15.9
200–299 3.0 6.9 11.9
300–399 4.1 2.5 9.8
400–499 3.7 1.9 6.3
500–599 4.4 0.8 3.7
600–699 4.7 0.7 4.1
700–799 9.1 0.2 2.3
800–899 6.8 0.4 1.2
900–999 5.1 (X) 1.8
1,000–1,099 11.1 0.2 1.4
1,100–1,199 4.4 (X) 1.5
1,200–1,299 4.7 0.0 (X)
1,300–1,399 (X) (X) 0.5
1,400–1,499 2.0 0.0 (X)
1,500 or more 33.8 0.2 2.9
SOURCE: Social Security Administration, Supplemental Security Record, 100 percent data.
NOTE: (X) = suppressed to avoid disclosing information about particular individuals.
a. Data do not include plans to achieve self-support that exclude only resources.
CONTACT: (410) 965-0090 or statistics@ssa.gov.